{"id":10717,"date":"2025-01-31T17:26:29","date_gmt":"2025-01-31T08:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/index\/"},"modified":"2025-10-13T18:43:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T09:43:52","slug":"index","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/index\/","title":{"rendered":"Course Index"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n\n    <style>\n        .courses_index {\n            margin-bottom: 30px;\n        }\n        .courses_index h5 {\n            font-size: 1.6em;\n            margin-bottom: 15px;\n            color: #195ec8;\n        }\n        .courses_index > ul {\n            padding-left: 0;\n            list-style-type: none;\n        }\n        .courses_index > ul > li {\n            margin-bottom: 20px;\n            border-bottom: 1px solid #eaeaea;\n            padding-bottom: 15px;\n        }\n        .courses_index > ul > li > a {\n            font-size: 1.2em;\n            font-weight: bold;\n            color: #333;\n            text-decoration: none;\n            display: block;\n            margin-bottom: 10px;\n        }\n        .courses_index > ul > li > a:hover {\n            color: #195ec8;\n        }\n        .courses_section {\n            list-style-type: none;\n            padding-left: 20px;\n        }\n        .courses_section > li {\n\t\t\tfont-size: 1em !important;\n            margin: 10px 0;\n            font-weight: bold;\n        }\n        .courses_lessons {\n            list-style-type: none;\n            padding-left: 20px;\n            margin-top: 5px;\n        }\n        .courses_lessons > li {\n            margin: 5px 0;\n            font-weight: normal;\n        }\n        .courses_lessons > li > a {\n\t\t\tfont-size: 1.1em !important;\n\t\t\tline-height: 1.1em !important;\n\t\t\tmargin-bottom: 5px !important;\n            color: #555;\n            text-decoration: none;\n        }\n        .courses_lessons > li > a:hover {\n            color: #195ec8;\n            text-decoration: underline;\n        }\n    <\/style>\n                    <div class=\"courses_index\">\n            <h5>\n                1\ub144\ucc28                 : \uc138\uacc4\uc0ac\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uc0ac            <\/h5>\n                <ul>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Modern East Asian Society and Christianity                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Prologue: Two Beijing Missions in 1790                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7174\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction: Introducing the course organization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7173\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Visiting the Grave of a Qing dynasty Western missionary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7172\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. The Envoys&#039; Mission to Beijing from Joseon, a link in the history of the reception of Christianity in Korea and China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7171\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Yun Yuil, a Catholic secret agent who traveled to and from Beijing disguised as a horseman                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7170\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. The Delivery of the Edict Banning Rituals of Ancestor Worship and Its Aftermath                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Part I. Acceptance and Transformation (1): The Current of Early Modern East Asian Political Thought and the Acceptance of Christianity                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7169\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Criticisms of the East Asian Christian Transmission Narrative                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7168\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Political Situation in Japan during the Warring States Period and the Spread of Christianity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7167\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. The Political and Intellectual Realm of late Ming China and the Acceptance of Christianity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7166\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Trends in Late Joseon Thought and the Reception of Christianity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7165\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Summary Conclusion: From \u2018&#039;Propagation\u2019&#039; to \u2018&#039;Acceptance\u2019&#039;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Part I. Acceptance and Transformation (2): Writing and Dissemination of Chinese-language Western Learning Texts                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7164\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. What is Jesuit adaptationism?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7163\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Classical Chinese Books on Western Learning as an East-West Collaboration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7162\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Matteo Ricci&#039;s Missionary Strategy of the Accommodation Policy and the Writing of Western Learning Books (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7161\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Matteo Ricci&#039;s Missionary Strategy of the accommodation policy and the Writing of Western Learning Books (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7160\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. The Spread of The Classical Chinese Books on Western Learning in Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Part I. Acceptance and Transformation (3): \u201cConversion\u201d or \u201cReligious Syncretism\u201d?                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7159\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Agential Subjectivity of the Accepter                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7158\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Matteo Ricci&#039;s Critique of Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7157\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Xu Guangqi&#039;s Critique of Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7156\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Jeong Yakjong&#039;s Critique of Buddhism (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7155\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Jeong Yakjong&#039;s Critique of Buddhism (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Part II. Forgotten History (1): The Imjin War and Christianity                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7154\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Introduction: The Japanese Invasions of Korea as an East Asian International War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7153\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Japan&#039;s Slave Trade and Korean Captives                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7152\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Korean Captives Who Accepted Christianity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7151\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Gregorio Cespedes, the First Jesuit Missionary to Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7150\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Xu Guangqi&#039;s the argument for the Supervision of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Part II. Forgotten History (2): People Hidden in the \u201cShadows\u201d                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7149\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Introduction: &#039;Light&#039; and &#039;Shadow&#039;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7148\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Unsung Facilitators of Christianity&#039;s Introduction to East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7147\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. The Forgotten First Jesuit Missionary to China, Michele Ruggieri                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7146\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Kim Beomu, a Central Figure of the Early Catholic Church of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7145\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Summary Conclusion: Beyond Elite-Centric Narratives                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Part III. History of Persecution (1): A Comparison of Early Christian Persecution Cases                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7144\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Introduction: &#039;Persecution&#039; as a Political and Ideological Conflict                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7143\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Beginning of Christian Persecution in Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7142\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The 1616-1617 Nanjing Persecution                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7141\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The Catholic Persecution of 1801                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7140\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Early Modern East Asian Society as Seen Through the Development of Persecution Incidents                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Part III. History of Persecution (2): The Rites Controversy in East Asia                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7139\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Introduction: Why the Chinese Rites Controversy in East Asia?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7138\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Problematic Missionary, Father Longobardo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7137\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. The Prelude to the Chinese Rites Controversy: The Convening of the 1627 Conference                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7136\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. The Development and Conclusion of the Chinese Rites Controversy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7135\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. The Aftermath and Implications of the Chinese Rites Controversy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Epilogue: The End of Jesuit Accommodationism                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7134\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. The Dissolution of the Jesuit Order                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7133\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. The Final Apologia for Accommodation: Jeong Hasang&#039;s \u3008Sang jaesang seo\u3009 (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7132\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. The Final Apologia for Accommodation: Jeong Hasang&#039;s \u3008Sang jaesang seo\u3009 (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7131\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Hoping for a Reciprocal Encounter Again                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Dialogue: The Recalling of Jesuit Accommodationism                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7130\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Introduction: Dialogue Topic and Introductions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7129\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. The Contemporaneity and Interconnectedness of Christianity&#039;s Reception in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7128\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Universality and Particularity in the History of Korean Catholicism&#039;s Reception (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7127\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Universality and Particularity in the History of Korean Catholicism&#039;s Reception (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7126\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-5. The Significance of the Jesuit Legacy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b7%bc%ec%84%b8-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%82%ac%ed%9a%8c%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%ec%8a%a4%eb%8f%84%ea%b5%90\/7125\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-6. Concluding the Dialogue                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Globalization and History of Korean Popular Culture in modern times                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Approaching Korean Popular Culture Historically                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7216\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. What is Popular Culture?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7215\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Course Structure (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7214\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Course Structure (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Korean Society\u2019s Modern Transformation and the Rise of the Masses                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7213\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Contact with the World, Introduction of New Civilizations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7212\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. People Reading Newspapers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7211\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. The Age of Speeches                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7210\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. The Advent of Cinema                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7209\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. The Appearance of Modern Theaters                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Introduction of Modern Media and Popular Culture in Colonial Cities                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7208\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Introduction of Modern Media                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7207\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Theater Culture and Modern Boy, Modern Girl in Colonial City Gyeongseong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7206\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The Film Arirang, which Became a Myth                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7205\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. The Age of Phonograph Records and Popular Songs                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7204\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. JODK, This is Gyeongseong Broadcasting Station                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. The \u201cKorea Boom\u201d in Imperial Japan                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7203\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Rise of &#039;Chosen-ness&#039;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7202\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. The Film Naguene and Japan&#039;s &#039;Chosen Boom&#039;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7201\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. The Chosen Theater Company&#039;s Northeast Asian Tour and Imperial Audiences                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7200\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. &#039;The Dancer of the Peninsula&#039; Choi Seung-hee&#039;s Empire and the World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. The Korean War and the Postwar Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7199\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Prelude to the Cultural Cold War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7198\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. War, But the Show Must Go On                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7197\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Representation of Women in Post-War Popular Films                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7196\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. U.S. Eighth Army Show and Popular Music                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. The Light and Shadow of Popular Culture during the Developmental Dictatorship Era                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7195\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Mass Media of the Military Government                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7194\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. The Rhetoric of Modernization and Korean Cinema                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7193\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Normalization of Korea-Japan Diplomatic Relations, and the Forbidden Culture &#039;Japan&#039;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7192\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Formation of Leisure Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Everyday Life and Cultural Control in the \u201cWinter Republic\u201d                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7191\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. October Restoration and the Winter Republic                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7190\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Era of &quot;An Bang&quot; Theater                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7189\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Youth Culture and Cultural Control                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7188\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Urbanization and Diversification of Film Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Control and Conciliation: Culture and Everyday Life during the Fifth Republic                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7187\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. The Fifth Republic\u2019s 3S Policy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7186\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Color TV and the Live Broadcast of &quot;Finding Families&quot;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7185\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Professional Baseball and the 88 Olympics                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7184\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. 1980s Cinema and the Film Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Changes in the Cultural Environment and Consumer Culture in the Era of Globalization                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7183\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Democratization and Lifting of Bans                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7182\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Cultural Industry and Market Opening                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7181\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. 1990s Korean Cinema and Film Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7180\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. The Emergence of the New Generation and Cultural Consumption                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7179\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-5. The Seo Taiji phenomenon and the Era of &#039;visual music&#039;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. \u201cK-Culture\u201d and the Global Cultural Market                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7178\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. The Korean Wave and the New Korean Wave                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7177\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. K-Dramas: From &quot;Korean Wave Dramas&quot; to Program Format Exports                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7176\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. K-Cinema: The Korean Film Renaissance and Beyond                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%eb%8c%80%ec%a4%91%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94\/7175\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. K-POP\u2019s Global Fandom                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        The Age of the Empire, from the Scenes                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. January 16, 1864, Changdeokgung: Politics and Policies of Heungseon Daewongun                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7263\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction to the Lecture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7262\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Today\u2019s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7261\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. The Figure of Heungseon Daewongun and His Politics &amp; Policies                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7260\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Daewongun\u2019s Policies to Strengthen Royal Authority                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7259\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Clashes with France and the U.S. &amp; the Isolationist Policy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7258\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-6. The Resignation of Heungseon Daewongun and Post-Resignation Politics                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. February 1876, Ganghwa Island: Before and After the Conclusion of the Treaty of Ganghwa                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7257\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Today&#039;s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7256\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The Last Line of Defense, Ganghwa Island                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7255\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. The First Place to Be Invaded, Ganghwa Island                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7254\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. The Relationship of Neighborly Relations between Joseon and Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7253\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. The Relationship between Joseon and Japan after The Meiji Restoration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7252\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-6. Autonomy in the Sinocentric World Order vs. Autonomy in the Order Defined by International Law                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. July 19, 1882, near Sungnyemun, and December 4, 1884, at the Postal Bureau: The Imo Soldiers\u2019 Revolt and the Gapsin Coup                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7251\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Today&#039;s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7250\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Trends of the Joseon Government in the 1870s and 80s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7249\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The Aftermath of the Military Mutiny of 1882 and the Interests of Qing and Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7248\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. The Formation of the Enlightenment School and the Coup d\u2019\u00e9tat of 1894                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7247\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. A Three-Day Reign and What Followed                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. January 17, 1888, the White House in Washington, D.C.: The Dual-Track System                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7246\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Today&#039;s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7245\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Changes in Qing&#039;s Policies Toward Joseon Around 1880                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7244\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. The Emergence of Qing Imperialism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7243\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Joseon&#039;s Diplomatic Response (1): Pursuing Secret Treaties with Russia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7242\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Joseon&#039;s Diplomatic Response (2): Dispatching a Minister to the U.S.                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. February 17, 1894, Gobu Government Office in Jeolla Province: The Donghak Peasant War and the First Sino-Japanese War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7241\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Today&#039;s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7240\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. The Figure of Jeon Bongjun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7239\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. The Roles of Eastern Learning and Confucianism in the Peasant War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7238\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. The Peasant War and the First Sino-Japanese War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7237\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Gobu County, the East Asian Regional Order, and the Modern World System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. February 11, 1896, in front of Gwanghwamun, and October 12, 1897, at Hwangudan: The Gabo Reform and the Gwangmu Reform                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7236\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Today&#039;s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7235\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. The Uneasy Launch and Progression of the Reform of 1894                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7234\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. A Queen Assassinated in the Palace, a King Who Fled It                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7233\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. The Road to Proclaiming an Empire                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7232\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. The Emperor\u2019s Absolute Authority and Responsibility                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. October 29, 1898, Jongno, Seoul: The Independence Club and the All-People\u2019s Congress                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7231\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Today\u2019s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7230\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Founding of the Independence Club                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7229\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Shift to Public Debates                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7228\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Notable Scenes from the Political Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. November 17, 1905, Gyeongungung: The Russo-Japanese War and the Transformation of the Korean Empire into a Protectorate                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7227\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Today\u2019s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7226\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Russia-Japan Rivalry (1): Up to the Russian Legation Refuge                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7225\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Russia-Japan Rivalry (2): To the Eve of War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7224\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. The Russo-Japanese War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7223\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Ways to Remember 1905                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. February 21, 1907, Outside Seomun Gate in Daegu: The National Debt Repayment Movement                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7222\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Today\u2019s Historical Site                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7221\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Economic Background of the Campaign                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7220\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Movement Dynamics and Media\u2019s Role                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7219\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Righteousness and Recognition                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. August 29, 1910, Seoul: The Last Moment of the Korean Empire                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7218\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Appealing to World Opinion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%98%84%ec%9e%a5%ec%97%90%ec%84%9c-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b8-%ec%a0%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%98-%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80\/7217\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Today\u2019s Historical Site: The Final Chapter                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        The Formation of the Global Cold War System and the Two Koreas                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Incomplete Liberation and the Origin of Division                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7278\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Course Overview and Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7277\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. U.S. and Soviet Policies in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7276\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Three Conferences: Cairo, Yalta, Potsdam                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7275\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. U.S. and Soviet Policies toward Korea and Trusteeship                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7274\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Division along the 38th Parallel and Summary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Liberation and the Formation of the Political Forces in North and South Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7273\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Learning Contents and Objectives                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7272\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The Preparatory Committee for National Construction and the People\u2019s Republic                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7271\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Formation of Major Political Forces in the South of the 38th Parallel: Right-Wing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7270\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Formation of Major Political Forces in the South of the 38th Parallel: Left-Wing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7269\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Formation of Major Political Forces in the North of the 38th Parallel and Summary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Rule of the U.S. and Soviet Armies and the Issue of Establishing a New State                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7268\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Learning Contents and Objectives                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7267\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Occupation Policies of the US Army Military Government                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7266\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Occupation Policies of the Soviet Army                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7265\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. The Moscow Conference of Foreign Ministers and the Trusteeship Controversy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/7264\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Summary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Intensification of Conflicts Surrounding the Establishment of a New State                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6761\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Learning Contents                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6760\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Convening and Collapse of the 1st US-Soviet Joint Commission                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6759\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. USAMGIK\u2019s Attempt to Foster a Centrist Group in the South and Its Failure                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6758\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Debates Over Pro- and Anti-Trusteeship in North Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6757\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Start of Cold War between the US and the Soviet Union: The Truman Doctrine                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6756\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-6. Convening and Collapse of the 2nd US-Soviet Joint Commission                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. The Last Efforts to Prevent Division                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6755\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Transfer of the issue of Korea to the UN                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6754\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Discussions and Activities of the UN                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6753\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Consolidation of Centrists and the North-South Joint Conference                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6752\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Struggle against a Separate Election and a Separate Government: The Jeju Uprising of April 3 and the Yeo-Sun Rebellion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6751\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Birth of the Two Koreas                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Socioeconomic Changes under the U.S. Military Government and during the Early Years of the Republic of Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6750\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Socioeconomic Situation under USAMGIK                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6749\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Economic Policies of USAMGIK                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6748\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. The General Strike of September and the People\u2019s Uprising of October                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6747\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Political Forces\u2019 Attitude toward the Agricultural Problem and the Farmland Reform                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Democratic Reform in North Korea and the Construction of a People\u2019s Democracy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6746\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Party and State: The North Korean Workers&#039; Party and the People\u2019s Committee                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6745\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Democratic Reforms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6744\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The Total Mobilization Movement for Thought of State Building                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6743\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Implementation of the Planned Economy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Formation of the Korean War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6742\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. South Korean Political Landscape between 1948 and 1950) and Rhee Syngman\u2019s Argument for Unification by Advancing North                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6741\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Conflicts around the 38th Parallel and the Small War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6740\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. The Argument for the Consolidation of National Territory and North Korea\u2019s Preparations for War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6739\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Changes of the International Political State of Affairs in 1949 and the Approval of the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6738\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Summary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Unfolding and Conclusion of the Korean War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6737\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. The Course of the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6736\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. The Armistice Talks                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6735\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. The Horrors of the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6734\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Completion of the Cold War System in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. The Cold War and the Two Koreas                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6733\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Social Changes in Postwar South Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6732\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Social Changes in Postwar North Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%84%b8%ea%b3%84-%eb%83%89%ec%a0%84%ec%b2%b4%ec%a0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ed%98%95%ec%84%b1%ea%b3%bc-%eb%91%90-%ea%b0%9c%ec%9d%98-%ec%bd%94%eb%a6%ac%ec%95%84\/6731\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Changes in the North-South Relations after the War and Summary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        The Hideyoshi Invasion of 1592, the Manchu Invasion of 1636, and the Regional Order of East Asia                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. International Order in East Asia and Joseon in the 16th Century                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/7282\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Patterns of the International Order in Northeast Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/7281\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. China: The Ming Order                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/7280\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Joseon: Long-term Stability Within the Ming Order                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/7279\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Japan: The Warring States Period and Unification                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Outbreak of the Imjin War and the Early Course of the War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6790\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Toyotomi Hideyoshi&#039;s Motivations for the Invasion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6789\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Early Course of the War (1592)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Imjin War: Reversal of the War Situation and Stalemate                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6788\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Turning of the Tide of the War, 1592-1593                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Breakdown of Negotiations, the Second Invasion, and the End of the War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6787\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Peace Negotiations, 1593-1596                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6786\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Hideyoshi&#039;s Second Invasion, 1597-1598                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6785\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. The Withdrawal of Japanese Forces and the End of the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Aftermath of the War and the International Order of East Asia                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6784\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. The Reality of the Joseon-Ming Relationship during the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6783\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Aftermath of the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Joseon and the International Order in East Asia in the Early 17th Century                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6782\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The Struggle for Hegemony on the Continent and the Korean Peninsula: A Diachronic Overview via Maps                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6781\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. The Rise of Later Jin and the Liaodong War, 1621-1644                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6780\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Joseon, Caught Between Ming and Later Jin                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6779\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. The Red Line, Joseon&#039;s Diplomatic Debate                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6778\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. The Injo Restoration and the New Diplomatic Policy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. The First Manchu Invasion of 1627                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6777\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. The Outbreak and Course of the First Manchu Invasion of 1627                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6776\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Contents of the Manchu-Korean Pact of 1627                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6775\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The Reason for Later Jin&#039;s Invasion of Joseon as Seen Through the Pact                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6774\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Unstable Peace, Rising Tensions Between Joseon and Later Jin                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6773\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Joseon&#039;s Dilemma: Who Betrayed Ming More Severely?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. The Second Manchu Invasion of 1636                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6772\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. The Signs of War and Joseon\u2019s Choice                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6771\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Course of the War and the Mountain Fortress of Namhansanseong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6770\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. The Course of the Negotiation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Dilemma of Namhansanseong                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6769\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. The Perception of the Manchu Invasions of Contemporary People                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6768\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Namhansanseong, The Essence of the Dilemma                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6767\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. The Essence of the Dilemma, The Issue of National Identity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Aftermath of the Manchu Invasions and the Restructuring of the International Order in East Asia                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6766\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Manchu Conquest of China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6765\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. The Dilemma of the Han Chinese and Their Adaptation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6764\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Joseon&#039;s Dilemma and Countermeasures                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6763\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Cases in Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9e%84%ec%a7%84%eb%9e%80-%eb%b3%91%ec%9e%90%eb%9e%80%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%97%ad%ec%a7%88%ec%84%9c\/6762\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-5. Conclusion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        East Asian History Seen through Diseases and Healthcare                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Disease and Civilization                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/7288\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Disease Make Civilization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/7287\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Diseases and East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/8538\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. History of the Concepts of Disease and Hygiene                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Genealogy of Modern Hospitals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6817\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Hospitals and Clinics                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6816\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Private Hospitals                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6815\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. State Hospitals                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Modern Medical Education and Licensure                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6814\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Professions and Licensure                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6813\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Jejungwon Medical School and Private Medical and Nursing Education                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6812\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. State Medical Education                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Smallpox and the Modern State                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6811\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Variolation and East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6810\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Cowpox Method in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6809\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Smallpox and the Modern Epidemic Control Administration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Cholera and Modern Civilization                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6808\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. The Cholera Epidemic and the Prevention and Control of Epidemics in Japan and China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6807\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Cholera and Modern Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6806\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Cholera and the State Quarantine System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Plague and Imperial Medicine                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6805\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The Hong Kong Plague and Governmental and People\u2019s Response                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6804\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. The Hong Kong Plague and East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6803\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. The Manchurian Plague and Imperial Medicine                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. State Healthcare System                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6802\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. The Public Health Administration of Late Joseon and the Korean Empire and the Modern State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6801\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Public Health Administration of China and State Medicine                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6800\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The Public Health Administration of Japan and the Modern State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Local Healthcare System                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6799\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Medicine Savings Club and Local Healthcare in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6798\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Local Healthcare in China and Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6797\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. The Pharmaceutical Industry of Modern Korean and the Local Community                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Colonial Healthcare System                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6796\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. The Public Health Administration of Colonial Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6795\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Colonial Sanitation Police                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6794\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Colonial Medicine under the Medical Professional School System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Contemporary Society and Psychologically Infectious Diseases                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6793\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. History of Depression                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6792\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Neurosis and Neurasthenia under Japanese Colonial Rule                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a7%88%eb%b3%91%ea%b3%bc-%ec%9d%98%eb%a3%8c%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%82%ac\/6791\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Depression of Contemporary People Seen through a Historical Perspective                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Marginal Men and Outsiders: The encounter of Western people and Koreans                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Encounters between Westerners and Koreans before the Period of the Opening of the Ports                                  \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/7285\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. About the Course                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/7284\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Encounters between Joseon and the West before the Opening of the Ports                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/7283\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Hamel, a Westerner Who Drifted to Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Encounters between Westerners and Koreans before and during the Period of the Opening of the Ports                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6846\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Oppert and the Tomb Robbery Incident of the Tomb of Namyeongun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6845\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Griffis and His [Corea: The Hermit Nation]                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6844\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Korean History during the Period of the Opening of the Ports Seen through Ten Events                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. International Situation Surrounding Korea and the Role of Westerners (1): Westerners Employed in Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6843\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Westerners Who Entered Joseon after the Opening of the Ports                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6842\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. M\u00f6llendorff, the First Western Diplomatic Adviser of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6841\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Sontag Hotel and the Agwan Pacheon (King\u2019s refuge at the Russian Legation)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. International Situation Surrounding Korea and the Role of Westerners (2): Diplomats and Western Press                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6840\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Allen and the Role of American Diplomats in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6839\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. War Correspondents of the Russo-Japanese War and Jack London                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6838\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Bethell and Western Press in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Western Travelers and the Image of Korea (1): Travelers in the 1880s\u20131890s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6837\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Western Travelers Who Came to Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6836\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Percival L. Lowell, a Traveler Who Recorded Korea with Photographs                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6835\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Bishop and Female Travelers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Western Travelers and the Image of Korea (2): Travelers in the 1900s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6834\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Burton Holmes and the First Motion Pictures of Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6833\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Ladd and the Political Aspect of Western Travelers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6832\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Analysis of the Travelers\u2019 Perspectives                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. The Roles of Western Missionaries (1): Establishment of Hospitals, Schools, and Churches                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6831\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Missionaries Who Stayed Longest and Interacted Most Deeply in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6830\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Jejungwon, a Western-style Hospital, Abison, and Bak Seoyang                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6829\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Western-style Schools, Appenzeller, and Scranton                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6828\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Women Missionaries and Korean Women \u2013 Rosetta Sherwood Hall and Bak Esther                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. The Roles of Western Missionaries (2): Knowledge and Politics                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6827\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Those Who Produced Knowledge about Korea \u2013 Gale, Jones, and Hulbert                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6826\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Missionaries\u2019 Political Involvement and Hulbert\u2019s Anti-Japanese Activities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6825\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Missionaries\u2019 Views on Korea, Their Roles and Limitations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Koreans Who Went to the West (1): Visiting the West as Diplomatic Envoys                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6824\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Koreans Who Went to the West during the Period of the Opening of the Ports                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6823\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Envoys to Return the Courtesy (Bobingsa) and the First Experiences of the Experiences                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6822\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Envoys to Return the Courtesy (Bobingsa) and the First Experiences of the Experiences                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6821\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Yu Giljun and [Seoyugyeonmun]                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Koreans Who Went to the West (2): The World, the West, and Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6820\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Seo Jaepil, Yun Chiho, and Korean Students in the U.S.                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6819\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Koreans at the World Exposition                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ea%b2%bd%ea%b3%84%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%b8%eb%b6%80%ec%9d%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b8%ea%b3%bc-%ec%84%9c%ec%96%91%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%eb%a7%8c\/6818\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Encounters between Westerners and Koreans                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        The Agricultural History of the Korean Peninsula and East Asia                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Introduction: Importance of Agricultural History in East Asia                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7300\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7299\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Clues to understanding the characteristics of agriculture in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7298\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Development of Intensive Agriculture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7297\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Actual Conditions of Intensive Agriculture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7296\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Who was in Charge of Intensive Agriculture: The Issue of Agency                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7295\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-6. Lecture Schedule                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Basic Knowledge of Agricultural History of East Asia                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7294\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Causes of Misconceptions about Agriculture and Agricultural History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7293\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Issue of Natural Conditions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7292\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Climate and Agriculture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7291\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Difference between Manufacturing and Agriculture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7290\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Difference between Agriculture in European and Agriculture in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/7289\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-6. Issue of Field Farming and Paddy Farming                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Agriculture in North China: The Origin of Agriculture in East Asia                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6891\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. The Beginning of Agriculture in China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6890\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Development Process of Agriculture in North China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6889\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Why Didn\u2019t Agriculture in North China Decline?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6888\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Qimin Yaoshu, the Classic East Asian Agricultural Book                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6887\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Issue of Fallow Farming and Continuous Cropping                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6886\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-6. Agriculture in Southern China before the Tang Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Development of Paddy Farming in Southern China                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6885\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. On the Development of Deltas                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6884\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Full-scale Development of Southern China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6883\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Rice Paddy Farming in Southern China during the Song Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6882\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Development of the Yangtze River Delta and Intensive Rice Farming during the Ming Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6881\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Commercialization of Agriculture during the Qing Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6880\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-6. Growth of Smallholders                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6879\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-7. \u201cSangu Gyeongje\u201d and overdevelopment?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6878\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-8. Why Didn\u2019t the Agricultural Revolution Take Place in China?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. The Roots of Agricultural History of the Korean Peninsula                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6877\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Current Status and Problems in Research on the Agricultural History of the Korean Peninsula                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6876\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. On Nongsa jikseol, the Agricultural Book of Early Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6875\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Rice Paddy Farming Technology in Nongsa jikseol                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6874\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Paddy Farming Techniques in Nongsa jikseol                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6873\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Technological Level of Nongsa jikseol                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6872\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-6. Nongsa jikseol and Agricultural Conditions at the Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. The Late Joseon Period as a Turning Point                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6871\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Shift toward Intensive Agriculture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6870\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Rice Paddy Farming in the Late Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6869\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Field Farming Practices in the Late Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6868\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Growth of Smallholders                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6867\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Fully Established Intensive Agriculture and the Direction of Korea\u2019s Agriculture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Paddy-Farming-Centered Agricultural History of Japan                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6866\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Agriculture in Ancient Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6865\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Dismantling of the Yulryeong State and the Separation of Political Power = \u201cMedieval Period\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6864\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. New Developments from the 14th to 16th Centuries                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6863\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The Great Development Era in Japan from the 16th to 17th centuries                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6862\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Establishment of Intensive Agriculture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6861\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-6. Popularization of smallholder management                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Agricultural Books in East Asia                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6860\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Basic Knowledge of Agricultural Books                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6859\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Agricultural Books in China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6858\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Agricultural Books in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6857\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Agricultural Books in Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6856\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Characteristics of East Asian Agricultural Books                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Agriculture, the State, and the Society                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6855\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. The Theory of the Society of Smallholders in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6854\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Disintegration of Privileged Land Ownership                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6853\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. The State&#039;s Establishment of Centralized Control over Land                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6852\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Establishment of the Civil Service Examination System and the Bureaucratic Government                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6851\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-5. The Establishment of Neo-Confucianism and Its Status as a National Ideology                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6850\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-6. The Disintegration of the Class System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Agricultural History after the Early Modern Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6849\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. The Relationship between Tradition and Modernity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6848\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. The Process of Establishing a Modern Land Ownership System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84%ec%99%80-%ed%95%9c%eb%b0%98%eb%8f%84%ec%9d%98-%eb%86%8d%ec%97%85%ec%82%ac\/6847\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. The Relationship between Traditional Farming Methods and Modern Agronomy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Confucianism and Buddhism within the Intellectual Network of East Asia                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Confucianism: Its Origins and Development                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7344\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. The Emergence of Confucianism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7343\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Understanding Confucianism and Confucianism in History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7342\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. The Change and Development of Confucianism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Buddhism and East Asia                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7340\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The Origin and Transmission of Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7339\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The Philosophy and Faith of Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7338\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Buddhism in East Asian History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Ancient Korean Buddhism                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7336\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Ancient Korean Society and Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7335\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Buddhism and Eminent Monks in Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7334\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Buddhism and Society in Late Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Goryeo and Buddhist Culture                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7332\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Founding of Goryeo and Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7331\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Buddhist Culture during the Goryeo Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7330\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Buddhism and Confucianism during the Goryeo Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism Conflict                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7328\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. The Founding of Joseon and the Suppression of Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7327\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Confucian Criticism and the Buddhist Response                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7326\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. The Status of Buddhism in the Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7325\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Seosan Hyujeong and Joseon Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Establishment of Neo-Confucianism and Confucian Society                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7323\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Confucianism in the Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7322\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Ritual Systems in the Joseon Dynasty \u2013 Focusing on Household Shrines (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7321\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Ritual Systems in the Joseon Dynasty \u2013 Focusing on Household Shrines (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7320\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Changes in Systems and Culture (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7319\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Changes in Systems and Culture (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Confucian Politics of Joseon                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7317\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Political Structure of the Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7316\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Censors and Politics Based on Public Opinion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7315\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Confucian Political Thought in the Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Dissemination and Enlightenment of Confucianism                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7313\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. An Aspect of the Spread of Confucian Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7312\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Emphasis on the Three Bonds and the Five Relationships                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7311\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Confucianism and Popular Enlightenment                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Socio-cultural Significance of Confucian Values                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7309\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Emphasis and Dissemination of Filial Piety                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7308\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Trends in the Practice of Three-Year Mourning and Their Significance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7307\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Confucianism, Society, and Politics                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Confucianism and Buddhism after the 19th Century                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7305\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. The Confrontation between Confucianism and Catholicism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7304\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Confucianism in History after the 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d-%eb%84%a4%ed%8a%b8%ec%9b%8c%ed%81%ac-%ec%86%8d%ec%9d%98-%ec%9c%a0%ed%95%99%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b6%88%ea%b5%90\/7303\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Changes and Development of Korean Buddhism after the 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Introduction to Korean History from a Global Perspective: Korea and East Asia                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. [Prologue] Interlocking Relations of East Asia and Glocal Perspective\/Sensibility: Glocal Experience Permeating Our Everyday Language Life                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7393\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Getting a Sense of &#039;Interlocking East Asia&#039; (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7392\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Getting a Sense of &#039;Interlocking East Asia&#039; (2): Vocabulary Related to China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7391\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Why is a glocal perspective necessary?: Reviewing the concepts of Asia and Dongyang                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7390\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Topics to be covered in this lecture series                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Interlinking History of East Asia, Its Structure and Agents (1): The Imjin War and the Manchu Invasion of Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7388\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The Seven-Year War in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7387\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Two Wars between Joseon and the Qing in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7386\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. People Who Made the Imjin War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7385\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. People Who Made the Qing Invasion of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Interlinking History of East Asia, Its Structure and Agents (2): The First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War, and the Japanese Colonization of Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7383\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. The Donghak Peasant Revolution and the Sino-Japanese War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7382\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Russo-Japanese War and the Japanese Annexation of Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7381\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. People Who Made the Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese Wars                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7380\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. The Divergence of Modern Paths in the Three East Asian Countries                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Interlinking History of East Asia, Its Structure and Agents (3): The Korean War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7379\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Glocal Significance of the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7378\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. People Shaped by the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7377\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. What Kind of East Asia Did the Korean War Create?: The San Francisco System and the Divided Korean Peninsula                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7376\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. The Korean War as a Catalyst for the Collapse of the Cold War Order: The World Peace Movement and Third World Solidarity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Interlinking History of East Asia, Its Structure and Agents (4): The Normalization of Diplomatic Relations between South Korea and China                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7374\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Post-\/Cold War and Korea\u2013China Normalization from a Glocal Perspective: Background and Impact                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7373\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Normalization of Diplomatic Relations between South Korea and China, Achievements and Limitations over the Past 30 Years                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7372\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. People Crossing the Korea\u2013China Border (1): Chinese in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7371\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. People Crossing the Korea\u2013China Border (2): Koreans in China and North Korean Defectors                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Border-Crossing Culture (1): Discussing East Asia through Food                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7369\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Adoption and Transformation of Western Cuisine in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7368\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. The World of Jjamppong and Jjajangmyeon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7367\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. The World of Ramyeon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7366\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. K-Culture, Hybrid &#039;Aryu(\u4e9e\u6d41)&#039;, and the Possibility of Alternative Civilization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Border-Crossing Culture (2): Discussing East Asia through Youth                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7364\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. The Birth of Youth in Early 20th-Century East Asia and Japan\u2019s Role                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7363\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Birth and Social Role of Youth in Early 20th-Century China and Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7362\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The Kaleidoscope of Early 21st-Century Youth Culture (1): Youth Movements in Korea, China, Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7361\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The Kaleidoscope of Early 21st-Century Youth Culture (2): Is sohwakhaeng a Model for Alternative Living?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Future History of Interlocking East Asia (1)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7359\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Core Locations and the Compound State: What Do They Reveal?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7358\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Glocal Significance of Okinawa                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7357\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Taiwan in Cross-Strait Relations: Its Glocal Significance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7356\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. The Glocal Significance of the Korean Peninsula\u2019s Peace Process                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Future History of Interlocking East Asia (2)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7354\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Historical Trajectories of Korea\u2013China Mutual Perceptions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7353\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. The Present and Future of Mutual Perceptions between Korea and China: Hostile Sentiments between the Two Countries                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7352\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Historical Trajectories of Korea\u2013Japan Mutual Perceptions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7351\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Present and Future Outlook on Korea\u2013Japan Perceptions: Hostile Sentiments and the San Francisco System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Epilogue: Rethinking Korean History from a Glocal Perspective                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7349\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. East Asian Solidarity Movement (1): Is an East Asian Community Possible?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7348\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. East Asian Solidarity Movement (2): The Joint History Textbook                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7347\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. The Dynamism of Korean History and the Role of a Mid-Level Developed Country                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%bc-%eb%8f%99%ec%95%84%ec%8b%9c%ec%95%84\/7346\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Korean History \/ East Asian History \/ World History that I Create: Future Projects and Me                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n            \n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n                <div class=\"courses_index\">\n            <h5>\n                2\ub144\ucc28                 : \uc0b6\uacfc \ubb38\ud654\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uc0ac            <\/h5>\n                <ul>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Modern and Contemporary Korean History Seen through Gender                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Introduction: Looking at Modern and Contemporary Korean History Through Gender                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6915\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Historical Interpretation through the Perspective of Gender                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6914\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Research Trends of Gender History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6913\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Main Points of the Course                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6912\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Premodern Korean History through the Lens of Women\u2019s History (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6911\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Premodern Korean History through the Lens of Women\u2019s History (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Women and the Family of Joseon under Japanese Colonial Rule (1910s - 1930s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6910\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Joseon during the Enlightenment Period and Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6909\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Beginning of Japanese Colonial Rule, the March 1 Independent Movement, and Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6908\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. New Women and the Discourse of the Liberation of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6907\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Household Head System, Divorce, and the Emergence of Working Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6906\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Women Living along the Border                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Women during the Pacific War and the Period of Total Mobilization (1930s -1940s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6905\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Japan\u2019s Movement towards Militarism and the Pacific War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6904\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Total Mobilization System and Japan\u2019s Policy to Eradicate Korean National Identity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6903\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Women and the Independence Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6902\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Image of Women Created by the Empire                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6901\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Women Mobilized for the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Comfort Women, Victims Forced to be Silence (1940s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6900\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Emergence of the Comfort Women System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6899\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Process of Mobilization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6898\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Stories of the Victims                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6897\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Life at the Comfort Stations and Their Management                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6896\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Continuing Damages after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Women and the Korean War (1940s -1950s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6895\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Liberation, National Division, and Rule by the US Army Military Government in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6894\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. War and Women\u2019s Role                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6893\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Memories of the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/6892\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Images of Women after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. The US-Korea Relations, the US Forces in Korea, and Women (1950s -1970s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7510\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. US Forces in Korean and the History of the Relations between South Korea and the US                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7509\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Reemergence of the Military Comfort Women System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7508\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Camptown Ghetto                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7507\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Borders and Peripheral People                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Modernization, Women\u2019s Identity, and the Meaning of Family (1960s -1970s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7506\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Historical Background \u2013 Developmental Dictatorship Regime of Park Chung-hee                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7505\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Female Figure Put Forth by the Government                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7504\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Women and Family                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7503\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Perception and Experiences of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Modernization and Female Laborers (1970s \u2013 1980s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7502\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Historical Background \u2013 Economy and State during Industrialization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7501\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Emergence of Female Workers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7500\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Experience of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7499\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Development and Significance of the Female Workers\u2019 Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Development of Women\u2019s Movement and the Comfort Women Movement (1990s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7498\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Development of the Women\u2019s Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7497\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Movement to Amend Family Law and the Abolition of the Household Head System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7496\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Unfolding of the Comfort Women Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7495\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. The Comfort Women Movement and the Formation of International Solidarity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Changes in Gender and Family in the Korean Society (1990s \u2013 2000s)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7494\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Women\u2019s Movement after Democratization and the Discourse on Gender                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7493\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Women in Marriage Migration and Multi-Cultural Society                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7492\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Increase in International Marriage and Women in Marriage Migration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a0%a0%eb%8d%94%ec%9d%98-%ea%b4%80%ec%a0%90%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac-%eb%b0%94%eb%9d%bc%eb%b3%b4%ea%b8%b0\/7491\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Multiculturalism and the Discourse Surrounding It                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Birth of the Examination People                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Birth of the Examination People                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6939\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6938\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Characteristics of Koreans as Examination People                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6937\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Brief History of Examinations in Korean                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6936\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Key Issues Regarding Examination 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6935\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Key Issues Regarding Examination 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. State Examinations 1                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6934\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Loose but Powerful                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6933\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. State Examination System and Procedure 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6932\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. State Examination System and Procedure 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6931\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Fairness and Exclusion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6930\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Solution Questions, the Difficulties of the Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. State Examinations 2                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6929\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Answers to the State Exam Questions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6928\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. School, Sightseeing, and Intellectual Networks                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6927\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. New Attempts and Criticisms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6926\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Criticisms of the State Examination System and Reform                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6925\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Abolishment of the State Examination and Controversies                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Entrance Examination                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6924\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Entrance Examination War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6923\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Fervent Desire for Education and Accomplishment after Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6922\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. The Korean Radish Juice Crisis and Familism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6921\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Entrance Examination and the Worriers of Solving Test Questions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6920\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Changes in University Entrance Examinations around the World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Foreign-Language Examination                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6919\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Kapitan Ri\u2019s Life                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6918\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Classical Chinese and the State Examination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6917\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Japanese Examination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/6916\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. English Examination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Politics of Examinations 1                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7537\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Power of Examination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7540\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Colonization and Examination 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7543\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Colonization and Examination 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7546\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Coup D\u2019etat and Examination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7549\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Tame and Obedient Warriors for Examination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Politics of Examinations 2                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7552\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Meaning of Boycotting Examinations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7555\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Boycotting of the State Examination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7558\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Colonial Rule and the Blank Answer Sheet Alliance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7561\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Examination Boycott as the Democratization and Human Rights Movements                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7564\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Outside of the Boundaries of Examinations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Examinations and Meritocracy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7567\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Meritocracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7570\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Meritocracy in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7573\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Criticism on Meritocracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Globalization of Examinations                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7576\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. State Examination System Inspires Europe                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7579\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) Test and Eugenics                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7582\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Examinations in East Asia 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7585\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Examinations in East Asia 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7588\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-5. Globalized Examinations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Rethinking Examinations                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7591\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Interview on Korean Examinations 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7594\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Interview on Korean Examinations 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%9c%ed%97%98%ea%b5%ad%eb%af%bc%ec%9d%98-%ed%83%84%ec%83%9d\/7597\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Interview on Korean Examinations 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Oral History: New Approaches in Writing a Contemporary Korean History                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. What is Oral History                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6965\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Definitions of Oral History and the Incipient Moments of Oral History in Each Region and Country                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6964\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Objectives of Oral History and the Effects and Significance of Speaking and Listening                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6963\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Characteristics of Oral Storytelling and the Methodological Differences among Oral Storytelling, Testimonies, and Interviews                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6962\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Main Themes of the Course and the Themes of Korean Contemporary History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6961\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. About the Final Project                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Oral History Research Conducted in Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6960\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Liberation, National Division, the Korean War, and the April 19 Revolution                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6959\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Important Events and Characteristics of the 1960s and 1970s; the May 18 Democratization Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6958\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Background of the Democratization Movements during the 1980s and the Significance of the June Democratic Uprising in 1987                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6957\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Cases of Recorded Testimonies after 1987                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6956\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Characteristics of Oral History Research after the 2000s,                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. The Jeju April 3 Incident and the May 18 Democratization Movement                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6955\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Cave Fortifications in Jeju Island, Sites of the April 3 Incident, Size of Victims of the Incident, and the April 3 Literature                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6954\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Legal Definition of the Jeju April 3 Incident, Oral Testimonies on the Incident, Investigation of the Truth of the Jeju April 3 Incident, and the Meaning of Oral Histories                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6953\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Citizens\u2019 Resistance and the Repression of the New Military Regime in Gwangju during May 1980; Why and How May 18 was Not Reported                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6952\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Issue of Firing from Helicopters and Troops Opening Fire on the Citizens                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6951\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Enactment of the Special Acts Regarding the Jeju April 3 Incident and the May 18 Democratization Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Experiences of National Division and the Korean War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6950\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Mian Scenes of the Korean War and Its Aftermath                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6949\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. The Nogeun-ri Incident, the Tragedies of Bombing and Civilian Massacres                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6948\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Stories of Becoming Soldiers of ROK and DPRK; the National Defense Corps or the Second National Corps Incident                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6947\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Formation and Characteristics of Camptowns, the Background Behind Women Working in Prostitution, and the Involvement of the State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6946\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Negative Perception of Multiracial Children; the Background and Characteristics of Overseas Adoption                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6945\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-6. Issues on Orphans and the Lives of Vagrant Children                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Refugees and Resettlement after the Korean War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6944\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Time Period and Scale of the War Refugees                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6943\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Fleeing Route Designated by the Government and the Regulations Regarding the Accommodation of Refugees                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6942\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. The Operation to Evacuate Heungnam; Refugees along the Western Coast; Stories about the American Cargo Ships                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6941\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. The Refugee Resettlement Project, the Implementation, Scale and Operation of the Project                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/6940\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Land Reclamation and Development as the Result of the Refugee Resettlement Project and the Issues of Aid and Discrimination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Violations of Human Rights under the Social Control during the 1960s and 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7600\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Background behind the Formation of the Pioneering Group and the Experiences of the Victims before and after the May 16 Military Coup                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7603\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. A Mass Marriage to Resettle the Men of the Pioneering Group; Issue of Distributing the Questionnaires in Advance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7606\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Size of Farmland the Pioneering Group Created and the Problems in the Distribution of the Farmland                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7609\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Disbandment of the Pioneering Group in Seosan; Stories about the People Who Left after Land Distribution in Jangheung; the Current State of the Issue of the Pioneering Group                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7612\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Fishermen Who Returned after Being Kidnapped to North Korea, Background, Arrest, and Forced Interrogations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7615\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-6. Surveillance, Isolation, and Stigma That Extended to the Families and Relatives of the Fishermen Who Returned after Being Kidnapped to North Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. The Sabuk Uprising by Miners and the Female Concentration Camps in the 1980s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7618\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. What is the Sabuk Coal Mine Struggle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7621\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Collusion between the Government and the Mining Company; Control, Torture, and State Violence                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7624\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Women Living in Coal-Mining Towns and Their Struggle; Changes in Sabuk after the Struggle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7627\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The Act on the Prevention of Prostitution, the Social Purification Movement, and the Women\u2019s Institutions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7630\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Human Rights Violations Occurred in the Women\u2019s Institutions and Women Who Tried to Escape from the Institutions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7633\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-6. Social Background from the 1960s to the 1980s and the Meaning of Oral Narratives in Korean Contemporary History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Act of Speaking by the Families of the Victims of MV Sewol                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7636\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. How the Sewol Ferry Disaster Turned into a Social Disaster; Last Contact between the Victims and Their Parents                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7639\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Jindo after the Disaster; Ansan and the Stories of the Victims; Organization of the Victims\u2019 Families at Paengmok Port and Jindo Gymnasium                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7642\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Rescue was Not Happening; Sadness and Grief of the Parents Who Lost Their Children                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7645\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Activities Carried out to Urge an Investigation for the Truth                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7648\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Government\u2019s Reaction to the Bereaved Family Members\u2019 Demand for the Enactment of a Special Act; Damages Caused by the Sewol Disaster                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7651\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-6. Problems of the Press and the Political Circle; Changes in the Social Perception; Difficulty of Remembrance and Commemoration; Lives of the Bereaved Family                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Preparation for Oral Storytelling                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7654\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Method of Oral Storytelling; Types of Storyteller; Issue of Contacting the Storyteller                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7657\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Necessity, Methodology, and Issues Regarding Preliminary Meetings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7660\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Issues of Choosing a Place to Conduct the Storytelling; Method of Writing a List of Questions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7663\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Example of a List of Questions: A Member of the Pioneer Group from an Orphanage and a Female Citizen from Chuncheon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7666\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-5. List of Questions and Equipment to Prepare; Points to be Careful about When Filming                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Methodology of Oral History and Conclusion                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7669\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Types of Questions That Should be Avoided and Open Questions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7672\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. How to Ask Questions Well; Importance of Taking Notes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7675\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. How to Write the Interview Log; Significance and Use of the Recorded Oral Storytelling                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7678\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Significance, Necessity, and Method of Writing Transcripts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7681\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-5. How Oral Material is Used by Public Agencies and Museums                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b5%ac%ec%88%a0%ec%82%ac%eb%a1%9c-%ec%83%88%eb%a1%ad%ea%b2%8c-%ec%93%b0%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ed%98%84%eb%8c%80%ec%82%ac\/7684\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-6. Review of Each Lesson                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Lives and Dreams of Female Intellectuals in Modern Korea                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Na Hye-seok and the Challenges of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6988\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6987\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Emergence of Female Students                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6986\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Na Hye-seok\u2019s Student Life in Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6985\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Na Hye-seok\u2019s Feminist Movement and Independence Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6984\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Na Hye-seok\u2019s Trip around the World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6983\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-6. Na Hye-seok\u2019s Criticism on Patriarchal System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Kim Il-yeop and the Dream of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6982\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Kim Il-yeop\u2019s School Life                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6981\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Kim Il-yeop and the Magazine, New Woman                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6980\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Kim Il-yeop\u2019s Argument of the Liberation of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6979\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Kim Il-yeop\u2019s Conversion to Buddhism and Her Literature                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Choe Jeong-hui and the Literature of Modern Female Intellectuals (1)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6978\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Choe Jeong-hui\u2019s Upbringing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6977\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Choe Jeong-hui\u2019s Writing and Social Participation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6976\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Choe Jeong-hui\u2019s Perception of Reality                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Bak Hwa-seong and the Literature of Modern Female Intellectuals (2)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6975\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Bak Hwa-seong\u2019s upbringing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6974\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Bak Hwa-seong\u2019s Challenge and Failure                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6973\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Bak Hwa-seong\u2019s Perception of Reality                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Heo Jeong-suk, Yi Hwa-rim, and the Ideology of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6972\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Revolutionist Heo Jeong-suk\u2019s Upbringing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6971\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Activities as a Socialist Feminist                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6970\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Heo Jeong-suk\u2019s Argument of the Liberation of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6969\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Heo Jeong-suk\u2019s Political Activities and Her Will                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6968\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Yi Hwa-rim\u2019s Independence Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6967\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-6. Yi Hwa-rim\u2019s Revolutionist Activities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/6966\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-7. Yi Hwa-rim and the Chinese Communist Party                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Jeong Jeong-hwa and the Behind-the-Scenes Activities of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7687\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Upbringing of Jeong Jeong-hwa as an Independent Activist                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7690\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Jeong Jeong-hwa\u2019s Independence Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7693\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Jeong Jeong-hwa\u2019s Return Home                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Kim Hwal-ran, Go Hwang-gyeong, and the Education of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7696\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Kim Hwal-ran\u2019s Upbringing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7699\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Kim Hwal-ran\u2019s Female Enlightenment Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7702\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Kim Hwal-ran\u2019s Cooperation with the Japanese Authorities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7705\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Kim Hwal-ran\u2019s Political Activities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7708\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Go Hwang-gyeong\u2019s Upbringing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7711\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-6. Go Hwang-gyeong\u2019s Social Work                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7714\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-7. Go Hwang-gyeong\u2019s Political Activities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7717\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-8. Go Hwang-gyeong\u2019s Belief                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Bak In-deok, Im Yeong-sin, and the Ambition of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7720\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Bak In-deok\u2019s Upbringing and Independence Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7725\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Bak In-deok\u2019s Student Life in the US and Her Devoice                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7728\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Bak In-deok\u2019s Trip around the World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7731\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Bak In-deok\u2019s Philosophy of Education and Her Activism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7734\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Im Yeong-sin\u2019s Upbringing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7737\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-6. Im Yeong-sin\u2019s Political Activities after Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7740\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-7. Im Yeong-sin and the First Republic                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Choe Eun-hui and the History of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7744\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Choe Eun-hui\u2019s Upbringing as a Journalist                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7747\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Choe Eun-hui\u2019s Feminist Movements                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7750\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Choe Eun-hui\u2019s Writings on Women\u2019s History (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7753\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Choe Eun-hui\u2019s Writings on Women\u2019s History (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Cheon Gyeong-ja and the Art of Modern Female Intellectuals                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7756\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Cheon Gyeong-ja\u2019s Upbringing as an Artist                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7759\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Cheon Gyeong-ja Making a Leap Forward                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7762\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Cheon Gyeong-ja\u2019s Frustration and Overcome                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad-%ea%b7%bc%eb%8c%80-%ec%97%ac%ec%84%b1-%ec%a7%80%ec%8b%9d%ec%9d%b8%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6%ea%b3%bc-%ea%bf%88\/7765\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Summary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Greatest Rivalries in Korean History                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Introduction &amp; Confrontation among the Three Kingdoms (King Seong vs. King Jinheung)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7008\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction: Contemporariness of History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7007\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Merits and Limitations of Studying History through Figures                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7006\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Growth and Confrontations of the Three Kingdoms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7005\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. The Battle of Gwansan Fortress: King Seong of Baekje vs. King Jinheung of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Formation of the Northern and Southern States (Kim Chun-chu vs. Yeon Gaesomun)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7004\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Silla\u2019s Policy to Unify the Korean Peninsula                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7003\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Kim Chun-chu and Yeon Gaesomun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7002\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Silla\u2019s Unification of the Korean Peninsula                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7001\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Emergence of Balbae and International Order between the Southern and Northern States                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Buddhism in Korean History (Wonhyo vs. Uisang)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/7000\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Buddhism in Korean History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6999\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Korean Buddhism during the Goryeo and Joseon Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6998\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Wonhyo, One of the Two Giants in a History of Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6997\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Uisang, One of the Two Giants in a History of Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Founding of Goryeo (Wang Geon vs. Gyeon Hown)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6996\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Social Situation of Late Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6995\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Corruption and Social Changes during Late Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6994\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Emergence of the Three Kingdoms and the Unification of the Three Kingdoms: Gungye and Gyeon Hown                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6993\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Emergence of the Three Kingdoms and the Unification of the Three Kingdoms: Wang Geon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Society of Mid-Goryeo (Myocheong vs. Kim Bu-sik)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6992\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Social Situation of Early Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6991\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Social Situation of Mid-Goryeo and the Relocation of the Capital to the Western Capital                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6990\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Myocheong and Kim Bu-sik                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/6989\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. The Rebellion of Myocheong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Fall of Goryeo (Choe Yeong vs. Yi Seong-gye)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9341\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Social Situation of Late Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9342\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Emergence of Newly Rising Confucian Scholars and the Reform Movements                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9343\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Choe Yeong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9344\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Yi Seong-gye and Choe Yeong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Confucian Rule during Early Joseon (Seong Sam-mun vs. Sin Suk-ju)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9345\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Political Situation of Early Joseon, from the Reign of King Taejo to King Taejong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9346\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Political Situation of Early Joseon, from the Reign of King Sejong to King Sejo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9347\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Seong Sam-mun and the Reinstatement of King Danjong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9348\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Sin Suk-ju\u2019s Assessment in History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. The Imjin War (Yi Sun-sin vs. Won Gyun)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9349\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Background and the Course of the Imjin War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9350\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Joseon\u2019s Response and the Second Japanese Invasion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9351\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Yi Sun-sin and the Imjin War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9352\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Yi Sun-sin\u2019s and Won Gyun\u2019s Assessment                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Factional Politics during Late Joseon (Song Si-yeol vs. Yun Jeung)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9353\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Factional Politics during Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9354\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. The Policy of Impartiality and the Government by Royal In-law Families during Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9355\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Conflict between Song Si-yeol and Yun Jeung                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9356\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Yun Jeung and the Noe-Ni Dispute                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Isolationist Policy and the Enlightenment Policy during the Final Years of Joseon (Daewongun vs. Queen Myeonseong)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9357\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Social Situation during the Government by Royal In-law Families                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9358\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. The Rebellion of Hong Gyeong-rae and the Catholic Persecution                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9359\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Heungseon Daewongun and Queen Myeonseong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%9d%b8%eb%ac%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%eb%9d%bc%ec%9d%b4%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac\/9360\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Policies of Enlightenment and Political Conflicts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Traitors of Korean Religion: Writing a History of Religion                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. History of Religions and Interrogation Records                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7028\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. What is a History of Religion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7027\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Interrogation Records as Religious Materials                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7026\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Four Pursuits of Religious Practice                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7025\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Religious History of Rebels and Uprisings during Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Chronology of the Representative Religious Rebellions of Late Joseon                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7024\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Era of Wars and Political Changes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7023\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Era of Great Famines                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7022\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Era of Prophetic Texts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7021\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Era of Peasant Uprisings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Religious Rebels                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7020\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Specialists\u2019 Rebellions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7019\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Spiritual Monks and Wicked Monks                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7018\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Heretical Confucian Students                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7017\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Shamans\u2019 Apocalyptic Eschatology                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Prophecies and Prophetic Texts                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7016\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Prophecies of Jeong and the Prophetic Texts of Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7015\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Forms of Prophetic Texts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7014\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Changes in Prophetic Texts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7013\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Prophetic Texts Used to Change the World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Forms and Variations of the Prophecy of the True Man\u2019s Appearance                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7012\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. The True man: a Founder or a Usurper                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7011\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Prophecy of the True Man\u2019s Appearance as a Heroic Myth                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7010\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Patterns and Significance of the Prophecy of the True Man\u2019s Appearance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/7009\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Variations of the Prophecy of the True Man\u2019s Appearance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Divinations and Spells of the Rebellions during the Joseon Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9279\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Divinations and Broken Characters                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9280\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. The Ture Man\u2019s Four Pillars of Destiny and King\u2019s Physiognomy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9281\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Astrology and Comets                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9282\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Spirit Controlling and Aura Reading                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Rituals of the Rebellions during the Joseon Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9283\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Initiation Rituals                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9284\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Worshipping Rites to the Heavens and to the Mountains                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9285\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Rituals to Obtain Good Fortune and to Change the World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9286\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Ritualization of the Rebellions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Cursing the King                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9287\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Curse and Treason                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9288\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Curse Cases in the Palace                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9289\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Curse Case in Samseonghyeol, Jeju                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9290\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Shorten the Lifespan of the King!                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Disciple of Maitreya the Daughter of the Dragon King                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9291\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. The Yeohwan Incident of 1688                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9292\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Yeohwan\u2019s Religious Experience                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9293\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Replacement of the Shrine and the March toward the Capital                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9294\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Replacement from Sakyamuni to Maitreya                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Views to Change the World                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9295\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Exhausted Current World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9296\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. The World Beyond the Rule of the State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9297\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Various Forms of a New World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%eb%b0%98%ec%97%ad%ec%9e%90%eb%93%a4%ec%9d%98-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90-%ec%8b%ac%eb%ac%b8-%ea%b8%b0%eb%a1%9d%ec%9c%bc%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ed%9b%84%ea%b8%b0-%ec%a2%85%ea%b5%90\/9298\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Rebellions\u2019 Structure of Perception                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Social Status System of the Joseon Dynasty and Yangban                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Social Status System of the Joseon Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7052\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Social Status System and the Characteristics of the Premodern Society                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7051\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Social Status System of East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7050\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Sui and Tang China and Their Codes of Law                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7049\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Spread of the Legal Code System Throughout East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7048\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. The State Covee System, the Basis on which the State of Joseon was Managed                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Social Status System Operated in Early Joseon                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7047\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Basic Direction of Administration: Policies to Make All People Equal Subjects of the State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7046\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The Commoner and Base People System as the Framework for Managing State Affairs                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7045\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. How the State Operated                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7044\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Preferential Treatment of Hereditary Elites                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7043\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Conflict between the State Corvee System and Social Conventions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Collapse of the State Corvee System and the Deterioration of the Commoner and Base People System                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7042\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Ideal Dynastic System in the 15th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7041\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Crisis of the Dynasty Brought by the Tyranny of Yeonsangun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7040\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Bankruptcy of State Finances and the Increase of Tax Burden                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7039\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Crisis of the Peasants and the Agitation of the Commoner and Base People System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7038\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Decline of the Commoner Class and the Surge in the Number of Slaves                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Newly Emerging Social Class of Scholar-Officials in the 1520s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7037\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. People Who Amassed Wealth                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7036\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Development of Farms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7035\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Official Recognition of Scholar-Officials and Their Right to be Exempt from Corporal Punishment                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7034\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Scholar-Officials\u2019 Right to Monopolize Regular Government Posts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7033\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Scholar-Officials\u2019 Right to Govern Local Regions Outside of the Capital                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Seize of Power by the Neo-Confucian Literati and the Spread of the Neo-Confucian order                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7032\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Emergence of the Neo-Confucianists                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7031\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Conflict between the Neo-Confucianists and the Royal Meritorious Relatives                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7030\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Seize of Power by the Neo-Confucian Literati and Their Political Strife                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/7029\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Birth of the Seonbi, Scholars Adhering to the Doctrine of Neo-Confucianism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Scholar Officials as the Defenders of the State                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9210\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Main Military Forces of the East and West during the Premodern Era                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9212\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Military Service as the Right to be Appointed to a Government Official                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9213\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. The Japanese Invasion of 1555                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9214\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. The Imjin War of 1592                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9215\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. End of the Era of Cavalry                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Establishment of the Ruling Structure of Scholar-Officials                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9216\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Society during the Imjin War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9217\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Activities of the Righteous Army                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9218\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Taking the Military Examination and the Collection of Grain                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9219\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Post-war Restoration Projects                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9220\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Scholar-Officials\u2019 Right to be Exempt from Military Service                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Differentiation of the Scholar-Official Class and the Adjustment of Hierarchy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9221\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Division of the Scholar-Official Class after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9222\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Differentiation of the Scholar-Official Class                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9223\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Multilevel Local Communities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9225\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Political Struggles: The Case of Yean                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9226\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Formation of Lineage Villages                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Issues on the Offspring of the Concubines of Yangban                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9227\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Tale of Hong Gil-dong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9228\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Closed Path towards Social Advancement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9229\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Offspring of the Concubines of Yangban After the 17th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9230\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Movement to Open up the Way for Prestigious Positions in the Government                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Emergence of a Society Led by Powerful Families and the Historical Consequences in the 18th and 19th Centuries                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9231\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. How to Understand the Direction of the Social Status System of Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9232\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Hierarchy According to Social Status, or Status Hierarchy, in Gyeongsang Province of Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9233\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Conditions to Become a Ruling-Class Yangban                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9234\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Final Winer: Scholar-Officials Based in the Capital                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%a1%b0%ec%84%a0%ec%8b%9c%eb%8c%80-%ec%8b%a0%eb%b6%84%ec%a0%9c%ec%99%80-%ec%96%91%eb%b0%98\/9235\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-5. Consequences of a Society Led by Powerful Families                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        History of Family, Sex, and Love                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Introduction                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7078\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Objectives and Overall Contents of the Course                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7077\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Definition of Family and Marriage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7076\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Forms and Objectives of Marriage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7075\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Origin and Development of Marriage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7074\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Development of Ancient Korean Society and Marriage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Family, Marriage, and Sex during the Ancient Period of Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7073\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1.  King\u2019s Marriage and Succession                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7072\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Characteristics of King\u2019s Marriage and Succession                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7071\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Marriage of the Aristocrats of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7070\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Characteristics and Examples of Arranged Marriages                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7069\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Social Restrictions Related to Marriage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7068\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-6. Sex and Sexual Ethics                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Royal Family and the Family System during the Goryeo Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7067\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Marriage of the Royal Family of Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7066\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Scope of the Marriages of the Royal Household of Goryeo and Their Political Significance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7065\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Issues of Plural Marriages and the Prohibitions Concerning Marriage during Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7064\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Social Discrimination Surrounding Marriage and the Issues Surrounding Inheritance during Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7063\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Issues Surrounding Sex and Divorce                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Sex and Marriage of the King during the Joseon Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7062\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Marriage of the King and the Ban on Marriage during the Joseon dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7061\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. How the King of Joseon Searched for a Person to Marry                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7060\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Politics and things the king of Joseon considered when choosing a spouse                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7059\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Wedding of the King and Its Preparation during the Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7058\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. The Royal Concubinage System of the Kings of Joseon and the King\u2019s Divorce                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Social Status System and the Marriage and Divorce of the Joseon Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7057\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Characteristics of marriage during the Joseon dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7056\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. How People Lived after Marriage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7055\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Marital Relations and the Ban on Jealousy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7054\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Prohibitions Regarding Marriage and Divorce of Yangban                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/7053\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Divorce of the Ordinary People                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Love and Sexual Crimes during the Joseon Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10539\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Love and Culture between Yangban and Female Entertainers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10540\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Legal Issues Surrounding Government Officials and Female Entertainers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10541\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Cases of Adultery in Relation to Love in the Royal Family of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10542\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Social Punishments Regarding Sex in Joseon and the Lives of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10543\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Some Incidents Regarding Sex and Experiences the People of Joseon Had Abroad in China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Family Law and Family Culture in Joseon                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10544\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Family Law in Joseon and Institutions Related to Family in Running the Bureaucracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10545\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Family and Social Welfare                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10546\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Sons of Concubines of Yangban and Social Discrimination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10547\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. State and the Penal Law Regarding Family                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10549\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Funerals and Worshipping Rites                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Inheritance, Clan Genealogy, Household Register, and Family Conflicts                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10550\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Inheritance and Property Disputes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10551\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Thoughts about Inheritance and Inheritance Disputes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10552\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Clan Genealogy and the Royal Genealogy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10553\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Method of Recording Information of the Clan Genealogy and the Official Household Register                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10554\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Sense of the Clan Belongingness and the Social Activities of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Marriage and Family in the Modern Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10555\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Weddings Changed in the Modern Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10556\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Effect of Modern-style Marriage and Free Love                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10557\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Ideal Husband Figure and Marital Conflict                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10558\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Various Forms of Marriage, Divorce, and a Single Life                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10559\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-5. Marriage between Japanese and Koreans                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Family in the Contemporary Period and Changes in Marriage                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10560\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Contemporary Views on Families and Changes in Marriage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10561\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Crisis of Contemporary Marriages and Divorce                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10562\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Changes in the Contemporary Family Law and the Problem of Filial Peity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10563\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Abolition of the Head of the Household System and the Changes in Inheritance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b0%80%ec%a1%b1-%ec%84%b1-%ec%82%ac%eb%9e%91%ec%9d%98-%ec%97%ad%ec%82%ac\/10565\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-5. Changes in the Contemporary Family                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Myths, Legends, and Folktales: Prototypes of Ancient Korean Culture                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Beginning of Korean History: Myth of Dangun                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7099\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Creation Myths of Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7098\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Contents and Symbols of the Myth of Dangun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7097\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Historicity and Significance of the Myth of Dangun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7096\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. How the Myth of Dangun was Passed Down                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Beginning of Ancient States: Founding Myths of the Three Kingdoms                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7095\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Jumong, the Founder of Goguryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7094\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Onjo, the Founder of Baekje                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7093\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Hyeokgeose, the Founder of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7092\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Founding Myths of Gaya                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Ancient Kings, Having Strange and Mysterious Nature                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7091\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. From Priest to King                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7090\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Secrets Behind the Birth of Ancient Kings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7089\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Kings\u2019 Secret Physical Features                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7088\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Legends Surrounding Silla Queens                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Buddhism, a Foreign Religion, Accepted                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7087\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Origin of Buddhism and Its Transmission                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7086\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Ancient Korean Societies Acceptance Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7085\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Conflicts Regarding the Acceptance of Buddhism in Silla (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7084\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Conflicts Regarding the Official Recognition of Buddhism (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7083\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Reasons Why Ancient Korean Kings Officially Recognized Buddhism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. To Make a Buddha\u2019s Land                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7082\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Buddhist King                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7081\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Hwangnyongsa Temple and the Royal Family of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7080\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. King Mu of Baekje Built Mireuksa Temple in Iksan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/7079\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. To Make Ties with Buddha                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Love and Marriage of the People Living in the Ancient Times                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9063\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Queen Chose the King                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9064\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2.  King Ordered to Get Married                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9065\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Jigwi\u2019s Unrequited Love for Queen Seondoek                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9067\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Love between a Tiger-maiden and a Man                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9068\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Lovers Who Kept Their Faith                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Filial Piety, the Practice of Love Toward One\u2019s Parents                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9070\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Men Who Sliced off the Flesh of Their Thigh to Serve Their Parents                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9071\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. A Man Who Attempted to Bury His Child in the Ground to Serve His Mother                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9072\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Considering One\u2019s Parent\u2019s Heart                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9073\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Serving One\u2019s Parents in This Life and the Parents in One\u2019s Past Life                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9074\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Leaving home to Become a Buddhis Monk is the Act of Filial Piety                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Loyalty Led the Growth of Ancient States                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9075\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Bak Je-sang, the Icon of Loyal Subject                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9076\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Yi Sabu, a General of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9077\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Ondal the Fool Became a General                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9078\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Gyebaek, a Defeated Hero                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9079\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Kim Yu-sin contributed the Most to the Unification of the Three Kingdoms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9080\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-6. Jang Bo-go, the King of the Seas                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Death, the Other Side of Life                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9081\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Crime and Punishment, the Rewarding of Good Deeds and Punishing of Bad Deeds                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9082\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. King Munmu Became a Dragon After He Died                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9083\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Gwangdeok and Eomjang Wished for Going to the Land of Supreme Bliss After Death                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9084\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. A Female Slave Ukmyeon Attained Enlightenment and Buddhahood in the Form of Her Present Body                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9086\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-5. Looking for Maitreya and Amitabha                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Ancient Customs and Cultural Activities                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9087\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. The Origin of Daeboreum (the Fifteenth Day of the First Lunar Month) and Hangawi (the Fifteenth Day of the Eighth Lunar Month)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9088\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Bi-hyeong-rang, the origin of Dokkaebi                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9089\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Governing the People by Music: The Flute to Calm Ten Thousand Waves                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9091\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-4. Musical Instrument, a Guide to the Annexation of the State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ec%8b%a0%ed%99%94%ec%99%80-%ec%84%a4%ed%99%94%eb%a1%9c-%eb%b3%b4%eb%8a%94-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ea%b3%a0%eb%8c%80%eb%ac%b8%ed%99%94%ec%9d%98-%ec%9b%90%ed%98%95\/9092\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-5. The Play of Ancient People                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Introduction to Global Korean History: Lives of Kings and Queens                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Who is Considered a King                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7124\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Lives of Kings and Queens during the Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7123\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Understanding the Meaning of Monarchy (1): Terms Related to Kings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7122\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Understanding the Meaning of Monarchy (2): Comparison between Monarchies and Democracies                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7121\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Understanding the Meaning of Monarchy (3): Comparison between the Monarchies of the East and the West (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7120\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Understanding the Meaning of Monarchy (3): Comparison between the Monarchies of the East and the West (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Good Rulers and Bad Rulers: How Political Systems Define the Qualities of a King                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7119\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Confucianism and the Political System of East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7118\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. State and a King in Legalism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7117\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Sage and a King in Legalism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7116\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Good Kings and Good Politics in Confucianism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7115\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Propriety and a King in Confucianism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Founding of Joseon, Confucianism as the Ruling Ideology, and a King                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7114\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Joseon as a Confucian State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7113\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Significance of the Founding of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7112\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Meaning of the Kings of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7111\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Legitimization of Yi Seong-gye\u2019s Kingship                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7110\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. King with a Strong g Military Force vs. Neo-Confucian Ruler                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Ascension of the Kings of Joseon and Its Meaning                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7109\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Ascension of the Kings of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7108\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Succession to the Throne in Joseon 1: Ascension by Abdication                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7107\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Succession to the Throne in Joseon 2: Ascension by Death                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7106\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Succession to the Throne in Joseon 3: Ascension by Restoration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7105\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Ascension Ceremony of the Kings of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Daily Routine and Tasks of the Kings of Joseon                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7104\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Power and Authority of the Kings of Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7103\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Authority of the King as a Confucian Ruler                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7102\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Daily Routine and Tasks of a King (1): Looking in on the Elders of the Royal Family                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7101\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Daily Routine and Tasks of a King (2): Attending the Royal Lecture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/7100\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Daily Routine and Tasks of a King (3): Court-Assembly                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Life of the Queens of Joseon: Queen\u2019s Role and Duty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9141\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Life of the Queens of Joseon: Queen\u2019s Role and Duty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9142\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Selection Process of the Queen and the Wedding Ceremony (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9143\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Selection Process of the Queen and the Wedding Ceremony (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9144\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Daily Routine of the Palace Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9145\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Queens and the Royal Concubines                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Politics of the Neo-Confucian Ruler 1: Benevolent Governance and Tax Collection                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9146\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Benevolent Governance and a Tax Reform: King Sejong\u2019s Difficulties (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9147\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Benevolent Governance and a Tax Reform: King Sejong\u2019s Difficulties (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9148\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Difficulties in Collecting Defense Tax: Traps of Benevolent Governance (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9150\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Difficulties in Collecting Defense Tax: Traps of Benevolent Governance (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Politics of the Neo-Confucian Ruler 2: Neo-Confucian Rulers and the Meaning of Kingship                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9151\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Meaning of the Invisible King                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9152\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Role of the Kings in Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9153\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Neo-Confucianism and Kingship                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9154\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Royal Edict of Chaos and the Great Transformation at the Beginning of a New World                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9155\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Master of Ten Thousand Rivers and the Moon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                9. Governance of the Queen                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9156\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-1. Meaning and Cases of Recency (1): Queen Jeonghui                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9157\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-2. Cases of Recency (2): Queen Munjeong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9158\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-3. Cases of Recency (3): Queen Jeongsun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9159\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-4. Politics of the Crown Princess                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9161\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                9-5. Political Meaning of Regency                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                10. Epilogue: Politics of Kings and Queens                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9163\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-1. Looking at the Lives of Kings and Queens from a Political Perspective                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9164\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-2. Power of the King, the Boundaries of the King\u2019s Power, and the Marriage between the King and the Queen                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/%ea%b8%80%eb%a1%9c%eb%b2%8c-%ed%95%9c%ea%b5%ad%ec%82%ac-%ec%9e%85%eb%ac%b8-%ec%99%95%ea%b3%bc-%ec%99%95%eb%b9%84%ec%9d%98-%ec%82%b6\/9165\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                10-3. Politics of Kings and Queens                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n            \n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n                <div class=\"courses_index\">\n            <h5>\n                3\ub144\ucc28                 : \uacf5\uac04\uacfc \ud658\uacbd\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uc0ac            <\/h5>\n                <ul>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Korean Diaspora, Its history, and Transnational Koreans                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. History of Korean Diaspora and Transnational Koreans                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10338\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Korean Diaspora                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10339\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Imperialism, Colonialism, and the History of Korean Diaspora                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10340\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Liberation and Division: People Caught up in the New Borders                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10341\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Transnational Migration in the Post-Cold War Era and the Korean Diaspora                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Koreans Living in the United States                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10342\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Pioneers of Emigration to the U.S.: Migration during the Colonial Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10343\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Emigration to the U.S. after Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10344\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Middleman Minority and Model Minority                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10345\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Realities and Challenges Koreans Living in the U.S. are Facing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. History of Koreans Living in China                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10346\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Japanese Colonial Period and the Formation of Migration Society in Gando                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10347\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. History of Gando Development and Independence Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10348\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Another War Koreans Living in China Faced after Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10349\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Dissolution of the East-West Cold War and the Era of Emigration to South Korea by Korean Compatriots in China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10350\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Transnational Korean Chinese Network in the Era of Global Migration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Koreans Living in the Area of the Former Soviet Union                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10351\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Migration of Koreans Living in the Area of the Former Soviet Union                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10352\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Forced Migration to Central Asia and Goryeoin                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10353\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Koreans Migrated to Sakhalin Island                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10354\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Koreans in the Area of the Former Soviet Union after the 1990s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Koreans Living in Japan                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10355\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. From the Korean Peninsula to Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10356\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Liberation, Start of Another Upheaval                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10357\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. From a Subject of the Japanese Empire to a Subject of Post-Colonialism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10358\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Japanese Society and Zainichi Koreans: Thangs That have Changed and That Have Not Changed                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Korean Immigration and Resettlement to Brazil and Germany during the Cold War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10359\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Overseas Migration and the Enactment of the South Korean Emigration Act in the 1960s and 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10360\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Korean Immigration to Brazil in the 1960s and 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10361\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Miners and Nurses Who Went to Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, and the Growth of Korean Communities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10362\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Re-Migration, Return to Korea, and the Formation of Korean Network                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Other Migrations of Koreans: Overseas Adoption, Defectors from North Korea, and Defectors from South Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10363\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Involuntary or Forced Migration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10364\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Korean War and the History of the Overseas Adoption of War Orphans                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10365\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. North Korea\u2019s Food and Economic Crisis in the 1990s and the Mass Defection                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10366\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Experience of the North Korean Defectors Entering South Korea and Their Escape from South Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10367\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Searching for Families and Another Broken Families                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Transnational Koreans and Global Citizens                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10368\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Transnational Ethnic Group and Transnational People                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10369\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Discrimination against Korean Migrants                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_diaspora\/10370\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Transnational Koreans and the Efforts to Achieve Reconciliation and Coexistence                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Formation of Contemporary Korea Through Everyday Life Culture                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Introduction of Modern Everyday Life Culture                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10302\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. When Joseon Met Modernity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10303\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Politics of Clothes, Modern Boy, Modern Girl, and New Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10304\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Food and Dining Culture and the Power of Hygiene                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10306\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Influx of Foreign Modern Housing and Japan\u2019s Campaign to Improve Kitchens                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Everyday Life Culture after Liberation up to the 1950s and 1960s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10307\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Things American and What Nylon Symbolized                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10308\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Flour the US Provided as Aid and the Korean Government\u2019s Intervention in Eating and Dining                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10309\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Housing Situation and Coal Briquettes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10310\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Magazine and Film Boom                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Everyday Life Culture during the 1960s and 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10311\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Total Socialization of Military Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10312\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Everyday Censorship of the Yusin Period: Long Hair and Miniskirts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10313\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Tongil Rice and Soju Made by Diluted Spirits                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10314\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Abolition of the Entrance Exam for Middle School and the Standardization of High Schools                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Everyday Life Culture in the 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10315\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. TV \u201cBedroom Theater\u201d and Radio                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10316\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. New Village Movement and the Rat-Control Campaign                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10317\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Development of Gangnam and a Real Estate Speculation 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10318\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Development of Gangnam and a Real Estate Speculation 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Everyday Life Culture in the 1990s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10319\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Professional Sports and Seasoned Chicken                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10320\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Society Seen Through Popular Songs and Films                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10321\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Democratization Movement and Minjung Culture as a Form of Resistance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10322\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Instant Coffee, Vending Machines, and Electric Rice Cookers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Everyday Life Culture during the 1990s and 2000s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10323\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Rap and Hip-Hop Music, and Changes in Fashion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10324\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Fast Food and Fast Fashion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10325\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. From Detached Houses to Apartments                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10326\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Growth of Popular Culture and the Korean Wave                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Diachronic Changes in Culture by Topics                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10327\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Changes of Culture Seen Through Objects 1: Communication Devices and Computer                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10329\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Changes of Culture Seen Through Objects 2: Public Transportation and Cars                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10330\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Changes of Culture Seen Through Leisure                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10331\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Korean Rituals of Today and Everyday Culture by Looking at the Lifetime of an Individual                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Everyday Life Culture in North Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10332\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Educational System of North Korea and the Collective Lives of the North Korean Residents                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10333\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Vinalon, North Korea\u2019s \u201cJuche\u201d Fiber (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10334\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Vinalon, North Korea\u2019s \u201cJuche\u201d Fiber (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/life_culture\/10335\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Everyday Life Culture in North Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        History of Women\u2019s Work in Korea during the 20th Century: Reality, Resistance, and Space                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Modern Changes and Women\u2019s Social Advancements in the Joseon Society                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10233\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10234\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Women\u2019s Labor during the Joseon Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10235\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Modern Changes of the Joseon Society and the Modern Development of Women\u2019s Education                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Japanese Colonial Rule and the Emergence of Working Women                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10236\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Status and Distribution of Women\u2019s Labor during the Japanese Occupation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10237\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Female Production Workers in Factories                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10238\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Modern Colonial Cities and Women Working in the Service Industry                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. The Korean War and the Birth of the Female Entrepreneur                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10239\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Breakout of the Korean War and the Economic Crisis of Women                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10240\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Women Who Jumped into the Workforce after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10241\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Birth of the Female Entrepreneur                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10242\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Conflicting Discourses of Women after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Maids, Busgirls, and Factory Girls                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10243\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Rise of Lower-Class Female Workers between the 1950s and 1960s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10244\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Maids: Impurity at Home                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10245\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Busgirl: Citizen\u2019s Feet                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10246\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Female Factory Workers: Industrial Warriors (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10247\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Female Factory Workers: Industrial Warriors (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10248\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-6. Discourse of Female Factory Workers and Their Cultural Representation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Labor Movement of Female Factory Workers during the Industrialization Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10249\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Emergence of Female Union Branch Office Leaders and the Democratic Women\u2019s Union                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10250\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Representative Female Labor Movements of the 1970s (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10251\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Representative Female Labor Movements of the 1970s (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10252\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Protagonists of the Female Labor Movement of the 1970s: Sin Sun-ae, Yi Chong-gak, and Kim Gyeong-suk                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10253\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Solidarity among Female Laborers and the Credit Cooperation Movement of the 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Unofficial and Invisible Labor of Married Women during the Industrialization Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10254\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Unofficial Labor of Married Women during the Industrialization Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10255\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Discourse and Reality of Female Entrepreneurs during the Industrialization Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10256\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Significance of Women\u2019s Labor Movement and the Labor of Married and Unmarried Women in the 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Female Office Workers and the Elimination of Gender Discrimination in the 1980s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10257\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Changes in the Industrial Structure and the Expansion of Women\u2019s Entry into Society in the 1980s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10258\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Reality of Gender Discrimination against White-Collar Female Workers and the Women\u2019s Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10259\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Development of the Women\u2019s Labor Movement in the 1980s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Foreign Exchange Crisis during the 1990s and Changes in Female Labor                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10260\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Reorganization to a Service-Oriented Economy in the 1990s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10261\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Financial Crisis of 1997 and Sexually Discriminatory Restructuring                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10262\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Sexual Objectification of Women in the Workplace and Its Social Problematization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/working_women\/10263\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Understanding the History of Female Labor in Korea from a Feminist Standpoint                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Hanok, Traditional Korean Architecture                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. What is Hanok                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10200\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Goals and Content of the Course                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10201\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Meaning and Architectural Style of Hanok                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10202\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Floor Plan of Hanok                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10203\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Origin of Hanok and Its Eco-friendliness                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Structure of Hanok                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10204\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Stylobate: Supporting the Ground                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10205\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Axial Parts and Frame Structures: Supporting the House                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10206\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Bracket Sets: Adding Splendor                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10207\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Roof: Defining the Exterior                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Residential Culture and Hanok                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10208\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Type of the Floorplan of Hanok                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10209\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Differentiation of the Floorplan of Hanok                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10210\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Maru and Ondol                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10211\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Hanok and Korean Residential Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Definition and Formation of Hanok Villages                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10212\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Definition and Formation of Hanok Villages                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10213\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Characteristics of Hanok Villages                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10214\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Traditional Hanok Villages                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10215\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. National Folk Villages and Contemporary Hanok Villages                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Buddhist Architecture, part 1                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10216\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Introduction of Buddhism and Buddhist Temples                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10217\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Buddhist Architecture of Goguryeo and Baekje                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10218\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Buddhist Architecture of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10219\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Buddhist Architecture of Unified Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Buddhist Architecture, part 2                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10220\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Buddhist Architecture of Goryeo and Joseon, and Tathagata                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10221\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Structure of Buddhist Temples and Korean Buddhist Temples 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10222\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Korean Buddhist Temples 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10223\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Korean Buddhist Temples 3                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Confucian Architecture                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10224\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Characteristics of Confucian Architecture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10225\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Origins and Architectural Characteristics of Hyanggyo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10226\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Representative Hyanggyo and the Emergence of Seowon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10227\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Seowon and Its Building Arrangement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Other Forms of Hanok Architecture                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10228\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. What is Eupseong (Walled Town)?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10229\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Representative Eupseong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10230\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Jeongja (Pavilion), Hanok\u2019s Ultimate Beauty of Moderation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/hanok\/10231\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Summary                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Traditional Korean Medical Care and Birth, Aging, Illness, and Death                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Disease, Concerns and Korean Medical History                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9986\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Prologue                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9987\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Disease is Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9988\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Medicalization and the Medical Care System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9989\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Medical History and Its Major Research Achievements                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Ancient Korean Medical Care and Examples of East Asian Medical Knowledge Formation                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9990\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Ancient Korean Medical Care and Medical Care System (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9991\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Ancient Korean Medical Care and Medical Care System (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9992\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Ancient Korean Medical Care and Medical Care System (3)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9993\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. \u2018East Asian Medicine&#039; Created through the Formation of Medical Knowledge (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9994\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. \u2018East Asian Medicine&#039; Created through the Formation of Medical Knowledge (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9997\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-6. \u2018East Asian Medicine&#039; Created through the Formation of Medical Knowledge (3)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Medical Care System and Foreign Exchange of Medical Care in the Goryeo Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9998\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Medical Care System and Medical Officials in Goryeo (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/9999\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Medical Care System and Medical Officials in Goryeo (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10000\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Medical Care System and Medical Officials in Goryeo (3)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10001\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Public Healthcare Policy and the Ruling System of Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10002\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Medical Exchanges with the Asian Continent during the Goryeo Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Medical Care System and Neo-Confucianism in the Joseon Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10003\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Medical Care System in the Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10004\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Influence of Neo-Confucianism in \u201cHuman Flash Treatment\u201d (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10005\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Influence of Neo-Confucianism in \u201cHuman Flash Treatment\u201d (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10006\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Influence of Neo-Confucianism in \u201cHuman Flash Treatment\u201d (3)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Epidemics during the Premodern Era and Countermeasures                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10007\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Epidemic and Countermeasure during the Reign of Jungjong in Joseon (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10008\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Epidemic and Countermeasure during the Reign of Jungjong in Joseon (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10009\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Epidemic and Countermeasure during the Reign of Jungjong in Joseon (3)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10010\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Epidemic and Countermeasure during the Reign of Jungjong in Joseon (4)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10011\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Response to Epidemics in the Goryeo Period and Its Characteristics                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. The Birth, Aging, Illness, and Death of the People of Joseon                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10012\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Birth, Aging, Illness, and Death of the Royal Family of Joseon by Looking at Historical Artifacts (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10013\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Birth, Aging, Illness, and Death of the Royal Family of Joseon by Looking at Historical Artifacts (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10014\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Methods of Killing People in the Joseon Dynasty (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10015\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Methods of Killing People in the Joseon Dynasty (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Medieval Korean Medical Books that Stood up to Diseases                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10016\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Hyangyak and Hyangyak Hugeupbang                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10017\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Hyangyak Jesaeng Jipseongbang and Hyangyak Jipseongbang (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10018\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Hyangyak Jesaeng Jipseongbang and Hyangyak Jipseongbang (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10019\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Uibang yuchwi and East Asian Medical Care (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10020\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Uibang yuchwi and East Asian Medical Care (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Increased Production of Medicinal Ingredients and Representative Medical Scholars in Joseon                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10021\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Process of Local Production of Glycyrrhiza and Medicalization (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10022\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Process of Local Production of Glycyrrhiza and Medicalization (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10023\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Process of Local Production of Glycyrrhiza and Medicalization (3)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10024\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Process of Local Production of Glycyrrhiza and Medicalization (4)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10025\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Best Examples of the Joseon Medicine: Heo Jun and Yi Jema                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/trad_med\/10026\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-6. Summary of the Course                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Urban Space and Residential Culture in Korea                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Cities and Hanok in Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9946\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Goals and Content of the Course                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9947\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Characteristics of East Asian Cities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9948\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Urban Structure and Space of Hanseong-bu during the Joseon Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9949\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Residences for the King, Scholar-Officials, and Commoners                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9950\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. What is Hanok?                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Influx of New Cultures and the Creation of Hybrid Cityscapes                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9951\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Opening of the Ports and the Concession Areas                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9952\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Changes in Seoul After the Opening of the Ports                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9953\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Western-Style Houses Built in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9954\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Houses Built in the Residences of the Japanese in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9955\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Hybrid Cityscapes in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Modern Urbanization and the Changes in houses                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9956\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. The Town Planning Project and Road Repairs                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9957\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Old Towns and New Towns                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9958\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Discourses Surrounding Housing, from the 1910s to the 1930s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9959\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Cultural Houses and Urban Hanok                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Modern Urbanization and Apartments                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9960\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Joseon City Planning Ordinance and the Land Readjustment Project                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9962\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Urban Housing Crisis and the Emergence of Apartments                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9963\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Substandard Housing Villages and Citizen Apartments                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9964\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Apartments, a Product of Korea\u2019s Modern Cities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Industrialization and Housing Supply                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9965\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Emergence of Military Industrial Cities Due to Militarization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9966\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Creation of the Laborer Houses                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9967\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Joseon Housing Corporation and the Company Houses                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9968\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Industrial City Development Plans and Housing Construction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9969\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Industrial Complexes and the \u201cBeehive\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. The Changes in Cities and Housing Brought About by War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9970\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Disposal of Enemy Property under the U.S. Military Government                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9971\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Korean Architects Responsible for the Cities and Architecture in Liberated Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9972\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Post-War Recovery and Foreign Aid                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9973\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Housing Construction Project of the Korea Housing Administration                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9974\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. U.S. Military Bases and the Military Towns                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Urban Commercialization and the Residential Style That Combines Commerce and Residence                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9975\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Formation of Commercial Facilities in Bonjeong and Jongno                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9976\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Urban Culture and Commercialization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9977\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Urban Aesthetics and \u201cCommercial Housing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9978\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Commercial Apartments and Mixed-Use Buildings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Urban Spaces and Housings That Contain Layers of Memories                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9979\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Traces Korea\u2019s Urban Structure Left Behind: Alleys and Waterways                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9980\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Houses That Have Become Cultural Heritage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9981\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. \u201cDifficult Cultural Heritage\u201d and the Status of \u201cJeoksan Gaok\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9982\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Substandard Housing Villages and Their Transformation into Tourist Destinations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/city_housing\/9983\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Urban Regeneration and Redevelopment                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        History of Maps and Calendars                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. History of Maps and Calendars                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9908\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Space and Maps; Time and Calendars                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9909\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Perception of Space: The Issue of the Center in Space                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9910\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. How Unknown World is Expressed                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9911\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Boundaries of Rule and Governing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9912\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-5. Various Terms Related to Space                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Development of Maps: Chinese Maps, part 1                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9914\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Functions and Purposes of Maps                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9915\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Yuji Tu and Huayi Tu                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9916\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Formation of Ancient Huaxia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9917\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Territory Maps                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9918\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Dynastic Territory Maps                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Development of Maps: Chinese Maps, part 2                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9919\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Maps along the Lines of the Da Ming Hunyi Tu                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9920\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Maps along the Lines of the Huang Yu Quan Lan Tu                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9921\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The Korean Peninsula Depicted in Old Chinese Maps                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9922\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Other Types of Chinese Maps                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Old Korean Maps                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9923\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Honil Gangni Yeokdae Gukdo Jido                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9924\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Cheonha do                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9925\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Yeoji Jeondo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9926\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. National Maps and the Other Maps of Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Time and Calendars                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9927\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Starting Point of Time: Where Years, Months, and Days Begin                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9928\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Ways to Express Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9929\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Ways to Depict Time and Space: Diagrams of the Universe                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9930\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Names of Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Elements Constituting the Calendar                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9932\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Examples of Calendars                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9931\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Dyas of Good Luck and Bad Luck: Auspicious and Inauspicious Days, Jianchu 12-Zhi                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9934\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Furi (Dog Day) and Lari (Sacrificial Day); Holidays and Solar Terms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9935\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. 30 Time-Nodes: 30-Shi                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Shiling, Yueling, and Shiri jinji                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9936\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Materials about Shiling and Yueling                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9937\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Contents of the Shiling and Yueling                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9938\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Shiri Jinji and Its Criticisms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9939\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Divinators and the Issue of Revising the Calendrical Method                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Use of Time in Each Realm of the Society                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9940\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Document Administration Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9941\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Agricultural Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9942\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Ritual Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9943\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Medical Time                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/map_calendar\/9944\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Conclusion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Local History, Its Understanding and Methology                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Local History and the Places in History                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9874\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Looking at History from a Local Perspective                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9875\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Significance of \u201cPlace\u201d in Historical Research                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9876\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Overcoming a State-Centric History and Local Diversity                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9877\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Significance of Local History and a New Local History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. New Historical Approaches and the Cultural Turn of Local History                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9878\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Postmodern History and Local History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9879\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Leicester Approach: \u201cLocal History Per Se\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9880\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Local History\u2019s Cultural Turn                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Local Administrative Districts and Homogeneous Local Cultural Spheres                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9881\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Changes in the Local Administrative System and the Boundaries of Local Administrative Districts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9882\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Phenomenon and Roles of 5-Day Interval Markets                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9883\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. 5-Day Interval Markets and Local Society                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Multilayered and Intersecting Microscopic Experience: A Dal-ri Survey                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9884\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Outline of the Dal-ri Survey                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9885\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Purpose and Methodology of the Dal-ri Survey                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9887\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. How the Survey Taemn and the Village Residents Perceived One Another                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9888\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Findings of the Dal-ri Survey                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Hybridity of place and the Reproduction of Local History                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9890\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Hybridity of Place                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9891\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Local Gazetteers Published by the Japanese Residents in Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9892\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Comparison between the Local Gazetteers Published by Individuals and the Local Gazetteers Published by the State: the Case of Suwon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9893\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Sakai Recreating the History of Suwon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Local Society and the History of the Suppression and Conflict                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9894\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The March First Independence Movement in Anseong Representing the Continuation and Changes of Tradition                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9895\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Translocal History and Multilayered Interpretations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9896\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Industrialization of Ulsan and the Local Historical Memories                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Jangseongpo, Harpoon Guns, and the Collaboration of Camera                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9897\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Jangsaengpo, a Whaling Station                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9898\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Emi Suiin\u2019s Trap to Jangsaengpo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9899\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Jangsaengpo Survey by Roy Chapman Andrews                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Expansion of Local History and Its Methodology                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9900\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Regional History: Korean Who Went to Southeast Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9901\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere and Koreans in Southeast Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9903\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Local History and Public History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/local\/9904\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Local History as a Method                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Birth of K-Food: A History of Korean Food in the 20th Century                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Prologue                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9832\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9833\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Periodization of the History of Korean Food                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Dietary Life during the Open Port Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9834\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9835\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Experience of an American Man, George Foulk                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9836\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Experience of an American Woman, Alice Roosevelt                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Dietary Life during the Colonial Period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9837\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9838\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Food of the Colonial Modern Cities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9839\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Fast-food: Seolleongtang and Bibimbap                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9840\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Three Foods Popular during the Colonial Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. K-food in Wartimes                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9841\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9842\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Meals That Replace Rice                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9843\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Anchovies That Replace Meat                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9844\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Popularized Food Substitutes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9845\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-5. Milk Porridge and Bungeobbang                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Dietary Life during the Cold War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9846\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9847\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Korean Food Industries during the Cold War Era                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9848\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Instant Ramen                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9849\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Makgeolli and Soju                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9850\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-5. Cooking Oil and Fired Whole Chicken                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9851\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-6. Tongil Rice and Hot Pot Rice                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. K-food in the Period of Condensed Economic Growth                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9852\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9853\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Emergence of American Fast-food Restaurants                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9854\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Korean Meat Sausages and Budaegogi Stew                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9855\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Gimbap                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9856\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-5. Grilled Pork Belly                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9857\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-6. Grilled Ribs                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9858\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-7. Raw Fish                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9859\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-8. Franchise Development Process of Korean Restaurants                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Dietary Life in the Era of Globalization                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9860\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9861\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Tropical Fruits, Imported Western Vegetables, and Salmon Imports                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9862\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Kimchi                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9863\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Choco Pie                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9864\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-5. Korean Wave Food and Chuncheon Dakgalbi                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9865\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-6. Popularity of Spicy Flavors                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9866\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-7. Popularity of Malatang                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Epilogue                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9867\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Summary of the History of Korean Food in the 20th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9868\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Driving Force of the Birth of Korean Food                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9869\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Korean Food Phenomenon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/k-20\/9870\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Conclusion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        History of Urban Development and the Lives of the Ruled Class of Seoul during the 1960s and 1970s                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Expansion of Seoul in the Early and Mid-1960s and People\u2019s Desire to Go to Seoul                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7839\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Meaning of Reading a City Through Literature                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7838\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Expansion of Seoul\u2019s Administrative Districts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7837\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Desire of Wanting to Go to Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7836\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Reasons Why People Wanted to Become a Person of Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Residential Areas and Residences in Seoul in the Early and Mid-1960s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7835\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Residential Areas of Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7834\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Rich Neighborhoods in Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7833\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Shantytowns in Seoul and Move                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7832\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Building Shanties and Young People Living in Shantytowns                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7831\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-5. Public Housing and the Mapo Apartments                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Urban Development in Seoul since 1966                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7830\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Rapid Economic Development and the Bulldozer Mayor                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7829\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Streetcar, Which Ended up Disappearing                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7828\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Birth of a City Connected by Cars and the Bus System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7827\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Things That Disappeared from the City Center of Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Reorganization of Seoul\u2019s Urban Center from 1966 to 1972                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7826\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Heyday of the Gwanghwamun Gate and Downtown Gangbuk                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7825\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Building Higher Buildings in the City Center                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7824\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Exotic Cityscape of Downtown Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7823\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Broadening of the Outskirts of Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. The Lives and Living of the Ruled from 1966 to 1972                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7822\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Policies to Legalize Shanties and to Forcibly Move the Urban Poor                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7821\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Creation and the Collapse of the Simin Apartments                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7820\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Gwangju Housing Complex Incident                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7819\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Subalterns of the Gwangju Housing Complex                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Development of Gangnam and the Real Estate Myth from 1972 to 1978                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7818\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Start of the Development of Gangnam                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7817\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Gangnam Real Estate Myth and the Popularized Land Speculation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7816\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. New Cityscape of Gangnam                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7815\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Prestigious Schools\u2019 Relocation to Gangnam                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Growth of the Middle Class and the Apartment Culture from 1972 to 1978                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7814\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Middle Class and Apartment Complexes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7813\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Changing Perception of Apartments                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7812\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Apartments and Their Consumption Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7811\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Middle Class Gangnam Women and the \u201cMadame Broker\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Hierarchization of Urban Space of Seoul and the Urban Lower Class from 1972 to 1978                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7810\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Multilayered Hierarchization of Seoul\u2019s Urban Space                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7809\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Displaced People and the Rise of Class Antagonism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7808\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Pain Suffered by the People in the Satellite City Seongnam                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7807\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. The Legally Excluded Socially Disadvantaged                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/1960-70%eb%85%84%eb%8c%80-%ec%84%9c%ec%9a%b8-%eb%8f%84%ec%8b%9c%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c%ec%82%ac%ec%99%80-%ed%94%bc%ec%a7%80%eb%b0%b0%ec%b8%b5-%ec%83%9d%ed%99%9c%ec%82%ac\/7806\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-5. Thinking Seoul during the 1960s and 1970s from Today\u2019s Perspective                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n            \n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n                <div class=\"courses_index\">\n            <h5>\n                4\ub144\ucc28                 : \uc81c\ub3c4\uc640 \uc0ac\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uc0ac            <\/h5>\n                <ul>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Korean History 101 (English dubbed)                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Development of the Northern and Southern States period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14770\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. World History in Korean History, Korean History in World History, part 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14771\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Silla\u2019s Unification and the Establishment of Balhae                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14772\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. The Development and Changes of the Northern and Southern States                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14773\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 3: The Tomb of King Munmu in Gyeongju                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14774\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Culture and Foreign Exchange of the Northern and Southern States                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14776\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 4: Bulguksa Temple and Seokguram Grotto                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Establishment of the Goryeo Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14777\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 3                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14778\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Founding of Goryeo and Political Changes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14779\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 5: Gaegyeong, The Capital of Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14780\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Goryeo\u2019s Foreign Relations from the 10th to the 12th Centuries                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14781\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Establishment of the Military Regime                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Transformation of Goryeo Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14782\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 4                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14784\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Mongol Invasions and the Resistance Against the Mongols                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14785\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Mongol Interference and Goryeo\u2019s Reforms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14786\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 6: The Reason Why Jeju Island Has Many Horses                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14787\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Culture of Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14788\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 7: Enshrining Buddha\u2019s Words, Haeinsa Temple                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Founding and development of Joseon Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14789\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 5                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14790\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. The Founding of Joseon as a Confucian State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14791\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. The Birth of Hangeul and the Development of Science and Technology                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14792\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Spread of Confucian Culture and the Rusticated Literati                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14793\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 8: The Confucian Academy, a Place filled with the Lives of Joseon Scholars                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Changing in Joseon Society and Transition to Modernity                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14794\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 6                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14795\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Imjin War and the Manchu War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14796\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Political Changes in Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14797\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 9: Suwon Fortress in Suwon, Which Contains the Dream of King Jeongjo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14798\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Economic, Social, and Cultural Changes in Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Opening of the Ports and the Japanese Occupation                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14799\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 7                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14800\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Opening of the Ports and Efforts to Build a Modern Nation-State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14801\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The March 1st Movement and the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14802\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 10: Seodaemun Prison                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14803\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Korean Emigration During the Colonial Period and Overseas Koreans                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Development of the Republic of Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14804\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 8                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14805\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Democratization Movements in South Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14806\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 11: May 18 National Cemetery                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14807\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. South Korea\u2019s Economic Development                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14808\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Inter-Korean Reconciliation and South Korea in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101-english-dubbed\/14809\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 12: Imjin\u2019gak, A Symbol of Division and Peace                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        The Politics of the Dispute over Democracy in Korea during the 20th Century                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. The Foundations of Korean Democracy and the Acceptance of Western Thoughts                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14112\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Rethinking Korean Democracy in the Age of Globalization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14113\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Cultural Foundations of Korean Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14114\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Adoption of Western Democratic Thought                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14115\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. The Anti-Soviet and Anticommunist Discourses and the Theory of Overcoming Modernity during the Japanese Colonial Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. The Dispute over Democracy after Liberation                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14116\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The End of World War II and Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14117\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The Era of Nation and Democracy after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14118\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Left-Right Conflict and Competition over Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14119\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Left-Right Coalition and New Democracies                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Division and the Institutionalization of Liberal Democracy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14121\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. The Cold War and the Reinforcement of the Anti-Communist System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14122\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Institutionalization of Liberal Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14123\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The Spread and Differentiation of Ideology of Liberal Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14124\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Coexistence and Rivalry of the Discourses of Non- or Anti-Cold War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Anti-Communism of the Cold War during the 1950s as Civil Religion                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14125\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14126\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. The Dictatorial Regime of Syngman Rhee                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14127\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. From Anti-Communism to Anti-Dictatorship                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14128\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. The Progressive Party Incident                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. The April Revolution and the Dispute over Democracy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14129\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. The April Revolution                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14130\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. The Heo Jeong Interim Government and the Jang Myeon Cabinet                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14131\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. The Perception of the April Revolution and the Competition over Meaning                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14132\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Modernization, Escaping Backwardness, and the Theory of Liberal Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. The Discourse on Modernization of the Park Chung-hee Regime and the Theory of Liberal Democracy during the 1960s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14133\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The May 16 Coup and the Theory of Liberal Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14134\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Opposition to the Military Regime and Theories of Liberal Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14135\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. The Struggle Against the Treaty on Basic Relations Between Japan and the Republic of Korea, the Nation, and Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14136\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. The Protests Opposing Constitutional Amendment to Allow Three Consecutive Presidential Terms and Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. The Revitalization Reform (Yusin) Regime, Anti-Dictatorship, and Democracy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14137\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. The Other Side of Development-Oriented Dictatorship, the Self-Immolation of Jeon Tae-il                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14138\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Formation of the Revitalization Reform (Yusin) Regime and \u201cKorean Democracy\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14139\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Anti-Dictatorship Democratization Movements and People\u2019s Movements during the Revitalization Reform (Yusin) Regime                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14140\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The Park Chung-hee Regime\u2019s Discourses on Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Democratization Movements in the 1980s and the Institutionalization of Democracy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14141\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. The May 18 Democratization Movement and the \u201cMay Movement\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14142\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The June Democratic Struggle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14143\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. The \u201cRegime of 1987\u201d and Conservative Democratization                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/20c-democracy-debate\/14144\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Social Democratization Movements after the June Democratic Struggle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Imperialism and Anti-Colonialism Seen from the Field                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. The Origins of Imperialism and Japan\u2019s Imperialist Invasion of Joseon                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14078\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Course Introduction                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14079\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. The Global Spread of Western Imperialism and the Imperialization of Japan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14080\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Japan\u2019s Imperialist Invasion of Korea and the Fall of the Korean Empire                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14081\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Ideology and Methods of the Korean Independence Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Korean Independence Movement and Seodaemun Prison (Field Trip)                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14082\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The History and Spatial Structure of Seodaemun Prison                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14083\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Prison Life and Forced Labor                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14084\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Torture, a Means of Violent Colonial Rule                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14085\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. The Korean Independence Movement Seen through Prison Record Cards                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Andong, the Symbolic Space of the Korean Independence Movement, and the Growth of Yi Yuk-sa                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14086\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Characteristics of the Independence Movement in Andong                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14087\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Yi Yuk-sa\u2019s Family and Growing Environment                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14088\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. From Traditional Education to Modern Education                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14089\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. The March 1st Independence Movement and the Acceptance of the Democratic Republic Ideology                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Overseas Study and the Acceptance of New Ideas                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14090\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Changes in the Ideologies and Strategies of the Independence Movement after the March 1st Movement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14091\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Studying Abroad and the Birth of Global Koreans                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14092\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. The Bombing of the Daegu branch of the Bank of Joseon and the Arrest of Yi Yuk-sa and His Brothers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14093\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Social Activities after Being Released from Daegu Prison                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Sino-Korean Solidarity Struggle and the Korean Revolutionary Military and Political Cadre School                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14094\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Establishment of the Military Cadre School                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14095\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Yi Yuk-sa\u2019s Trip to China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14096\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Operation of the Military Cadre School and Career after Graduation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14097\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Poetic Representation of the Experience at the Military Cadre School: \u201cLooking Back\u201d and \u201cThe Sun of a Madman\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Yi Yuk-sa&#039;s Writing as a Literary Practice: Novels                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14098\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Silence and Arrest during His Early Days after Returning to Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14099\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Participation in the Movement to Revitalize Korean Studies and Writing Current Affairs Commentaries - Background of the Movement to Revitalize Korean Studies                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14100\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Yi Yuk-sa\u2019s Literary Practice: Introducing the Literature of Lu Xun                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14101\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Yi Yuk-sa\u2019s Literary Practice: Novels                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Yi Yuk-sa&#039;s Writing as a Literary Practice: Poetry                                 \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14102\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Why Did He Become a Poet: The Birth of Yi Yuk-sa as a Poet                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14104\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Analysis of His Early Poems                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14105\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Analysis of Yi Yuk-sa\u2019s Representative Work, \u201cGreen Grapes\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14106\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. \u201cThe Vertex\u201d and the Characteristics of Poems Published Afterwards                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Japanese Imperialist War of Aggression and the Path of Armed Struggle: Putting Down the Pen and Taking Up the Gun Again                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14107\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Japanese Imperialist War of Aggression and the Launch of the Wartime Total Mobilization System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14109\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Crossroads Ahead of Intellectuals and the Inner Concerns of Yi Yuk-sa                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14110\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Going to Beijing, the Final Choice for Armed Struggle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/anti-colonialism\/14111\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Publication of the Posthumous Poetry Collection after Liberation and the Poems \u201cThe Wild Plain\u201d and \u201cFlowers\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        The Internal Development Theory and the Perception of Korean History                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Korean Historians\u2019 Criticism of the Colonial Perspective on Korean History in the 1960s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14049\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Overview of Colonialist Research on Korean History During the Japanese Colonial Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14050\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Colonial Perspective on Korean History During the Japanese Colonial Period (1): Theory of Heteronomy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14051\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Colonialist Perspective on Korean History During the Japanese Colonial Period (2): Theory of Stagnation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14053\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Korean Historians\u2019 Criticism of the Colonialist Perspective on Korean History in the 1960s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Formation and Characteristics of North Korea\u2019s Research on Korean History in the 1960s and 1970s and the Internal Development Theory                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14054\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The Organization of Research Institutes on Korean History in North Korea after the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14055\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The Debate on the Periodization of Modern History and Its Implications in North Korean Historical Circles after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14056\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. The Development of Korean History Research Based on the Internal Development Theory in North Korean Historical Circles in the 1950s and 1960s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14057\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. The Development of Korean History Research Based on the Internal Development Theory in North Korean Historical Circles in the 1960s and 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Formation and Characteristics of Japanese Research on Korean History in the 1960s and 1970s and the Internal Development Theory                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14058\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Reproduction of Research on Korean History Based on Colonialist View of History after Japan\u2019s Defeat in the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14059\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Emergence of New Movement in Korean History Research in Japan after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14060\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Korean History Research and the Internal Development Theory in the Japanese Historical Community in the 1960s\u20131970s (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14061\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Korean History Research and the Internal Development Theory in the Japanese Historical Community in the 1960s\u20131970s (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Research on Agricultural History and the Internal Development Theory in Korean Historical Community during the 1960s and 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14062\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Before the Study of \u2018Agricultural History\u2019 in the Late Joseon Dynasty Based on the Internal Development Theory Began                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14063\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Kim Yong-seop\u2019s Study of \u2018Agricultural History in the Late Joseon Dynasty\u2019 (1): \u201cStudy of the Land Register\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14064\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Kim Yong-seop\u2019s Study of \u2018Agricultural History in the Late Joseon Dynasty\u2019 (2): \u201cManagement-Type Rich Farmers\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14065\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Development of Agricultural Productivity and Establishment of the Theory of Private Landownership Theory                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Research on the History of Commerce and Industry and the Internal Development Theory in Korean Historical Community in the 1960s and 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14066\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Beginning of the Study on the History of Commerce and Industry in the Late Joseon Period Based on the Internal Development Theory                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14067\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Study of Commercial History Based on the Internal Development Theory in the South Korean Historical Community in the 1960s and 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14068\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. South Korean Historical Community\u2019s Study on the History of Handicrafts Based on the Internal Development Theory and Research on the Relationship between Commerce and Handicrafts in the 1960s and 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Research on Social History and the Internal Development Theory in Korean Historical Community in the 1960s and 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14069\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The Beginning of Research on Social History and the Changes in the Social Status System in the Late Joseon Period During the Japanese Colonial Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14070\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Research on the Changes in the Social Status System Based on the Internal Development Theory in the South Korean Historical Community in the 1960s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14071\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Research on Social History and the Changes in the Social Status System Based on the Internal Development Theory in the South Korean Historical Community in the 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Research on Political History and Internal Development Theory in Korean Historical Community in the 1960s and 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14072\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Study on the Political History of the Late Joseon Dynasty and Factional Strife, and the Colonialist View of History                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14073\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Research on the Political History and Factional Strife of the Late Joseon Dynasty in the South Korean Historical Community of the 1950s\u20131960s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14074\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Studies on Political History and the Theory of Factional Politics Based on the Internal Development Theory in the 1970s in the South Korean Historical Community                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Research on Intellectual History and the Internal Development Theory in Korean Historical Community in the 1960s and 1970s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14075\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. The Beginning of Research on Practical Learning of the Late Joseon Dynasty and the Movement to Revitalize Korean Studies during the Japanese Colonial Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14076\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Research on Practical Learning of the Late Joseon Dynasty by the South Korean Historical Community in the 1950s After Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/internal-development-theory\/14077\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Research on Practical Learning Based on the Internal Development Theory in the South Korean Historical Community of the 1960s and 1970s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Korean History 101                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Prehistoric Cultures and the Formation of Ancient States                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/13996\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. World History inside Korean History, Korean History inside World History, part 1                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/13997\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Gojoseon, the First Korean State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/13999\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 1: Ganghwa Dolmen                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14000\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Formation of Ancient States and Their Fierce Confrontations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14001\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Development of Ancient States and their Foreign Exchanges                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14002\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 2: Tomb of King Muryeong in Gongju                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Development of the Northern and Southern States period                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14003\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. World History in Korean History, Korean History in World History, part 2                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14004\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Silla\u2019s Unification and the Establishment of Balhae                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14005\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. The Development and Changes of the Northern and Southern States                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14007\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 3: The Tomb of King Munmu in Gyeongju                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14009\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Culture and Foreign Exchange of the Northern and Southern States                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14010\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 4: Bulguksa Temple and Seokguram Grotto                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Establishment of the Goryeo Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14011\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 3                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14012\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Founding of Goryeo and Political Changes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14013\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 5: Gaegyeong, The Capital of Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14014\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Goryeo\u2019s Foreign Relations from the 10th to the 12th Centuries                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14015\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Establishment of the Military Regime                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Transformation of Goryeo Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14017\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 4                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14018\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Mongol Invasions and the Resistance Against the Mongols                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14019\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Mongol Interference and Goryeo\u2019s Reforms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14020\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 6: The Reason Why Jeju Island Has Many Horses                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14021\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Culture of Goryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14022\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 7: Enshrining Buddha\u2019s Words, Haeinsa Temple                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Founding and development of Joseon Dynasty                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14023\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 5                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14024\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. The Founding of Joseon as a Confucian State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14025\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. The Birth of Hangeul and the Development of Science and Technology                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14026\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Spread of Confucian Culture and the Rusticated Literati                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14027\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 8: The Confucian Academy, a Place filled with the Lives of Joseon Scholars                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Changing in Joseon Society and Transition to Modernity                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14028\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 6                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14030\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Imjin War and the Manchu War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14031\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Political Changes in Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14032\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 9: Suwon Fortress in Suwon, Which Contains the Dream of King Jeongjo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14033\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Economic, Social, and Cultural Changes in Late Joseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Opening of the Ports and the Japanese Occupation                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14034\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 7                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14035\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Opening of the Ports and Efforts to Build a Modern Nation-State                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14036\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The March 1st Movement and the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14037\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 10: Seodaemun Prison                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14038\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Korean Emigration During the Colonial Period and Overseas Koreans                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Development of the Republic of Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14039\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Korean History in World History, World History in Korean History, part 8                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14040\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Democratization Movements in South Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14041\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 11:  May 18 National Cemetery                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14042\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. South Korea\u2019s Economic Development                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14043\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Inter-Korean Reconciliation and South Korea in East Asia                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean-history-101\/14045\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                \u2514 Inside the Scene of Korean History, Session 12: Imjin\u2019gak, A Symbol of Division and Peace                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Politics and Conflict in Modern and Contemporary Korea                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Confrontation and Conflicts Over the Opening of the Country to Outside and Enlightenment                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13960\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Foreign Invasions and External Conflicts                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13961\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Opening of the Country under Pressure from Foreign Powers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13962\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. The Enlightenment School\u2019s Responses to the Invasions of the Great Powers and the Unequal Treaties                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13963\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. The School of Defending Orthodoxy and Rejecting Heterodoxy\u2019s Responses to Imperialist Invasions and Unequal Treaties                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Crossroads for the Establishment of a Modern Nation-States: Reforms from Above                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13964\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The Enlightenment School\u2019s Three-Day World: The 1884 Coup                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13965\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Half-baked Reform from Above: The Gabo Reform                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13966\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Reform from Above to Strengthen the Monarchy: The Gwangmu Reform                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13967\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Reform that Puts the People First: The Independence Club                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Crossroads for the Establishment of a Modern Nation-States: Donghak Peasant Revolution                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13968\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Emergence and Spread of Donghak                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13969\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Outbreak of the Donghak Peasant Revolution                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13970\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The Jeonju Accord and the Corruption Reform Plan                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13971\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. What the Donghak Peasant Revolution Left Us                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Forced Annexation and the Japanese Colonial Rule: A Crossroads to Anti- or Pro-Japanese                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13972\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Independence Activists Who Chose the Path of Anti-Japanese Struggle in the face of a National Crisis (Part 1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13973\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Independence Activists Who Chose the Path of Anti-Japanese Struggle in the face of a National Crisis (Part 2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13974\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Pro-Japanese Collaborators Who Took Advantage of the Fall of Joseon to Take the Path of Pro-Japanese Activities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13975\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Pro-Japanese Collaborators Who Used the Independence Movement as an Opportunity to be Pro-Japanese                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Japanese Colonial Rule, Ethnic Discrimination, and the Directionality of the Independence Movement                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13976\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Japanese Colonial Rule and the Structural Discrimination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13977\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Ethnic Discrimination in Everyday Life                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13978\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Class Discrimination and Gender Discrimination Overlapping with Ethnic Discrimination                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13979\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Independence Movements Aimed at Solving the National Problem                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Political Conflict Over the Issue of Liquidating Pro-Japanese Collaborators after Liberation                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13980\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The Independence Movement Camp\u2019s Efforts to Punish Pro-Japanese Collaborators During the Colonial Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13982\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Legalization of the Liquidation of Pro-Japanese Collaborators after Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13983\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. The Counterattack of the Syngman Rhee Government and Pro-Japanese Forces after the Enactment of the Anti-Nationalist Law                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13984\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. What the Liquidation of Pro-Japanese Collaborators by the Special Investigation Committee of Anti-National Activities Left Behind                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Syngman Rhee&#039;s Dictatorship, Election Fraud, and the April Revolution                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13985\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. The Roots of Korean Democracy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13986\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Constitution and Democracy Denied by the Syngman Rhee Regime                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13987\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The March 15 Election Fraud and the April Revolution in 1960                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13989\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The April Revolution and the Judicial Action on the Perpetrators of Election Fraud                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Modern and Contemporary Korea, a Century of Genocide                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13991\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Donghak Peasant Revolution and the Righteous Army War, the Beginning of Genocide                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13992\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The March 1st Movement as Genocide                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13993\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. The 1920 Massacre and the Great Kanto Earthquake Massacre                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/conflict\/13994\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Scars Left on South Korea by the Japanese Genocide                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Conflict and Competition in Korean History: Political and Social History of Pre-Modern Popular Uprisings                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Perspectives and Methodologies of the History of Pre-modern People\u2019s Movements                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13920\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Perspectives and Methodologies of the History Pre-modern People\u2019s Movements                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13922\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Research Trends in the History of the People\u2019s Movement (1): 1950s\u20131980s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13923\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Research Trends in the History of the People\u2019s Movement (2): Since the 1990s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13924\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Emergence and Development of the History of People\u2019s Movements                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Ruling System of Pre-modern State and the Changes in People\u2019s Consciousness                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13925\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The Ruling and Taxation Systems of Pre-modern States                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13927\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Changes in the Social Status System and Local Society in the Late Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13928\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Lives of the People and the Petition Movement in the Late Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13929\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Growth of the People&#039;s Consciousness in the Late Joseon Dynasty                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Reexamination of the Hong Gyeong-rae Rebellion in 1812                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13930\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Popular Uprisings in the Early 19th Century and the Hong Gyeong-rae Rebellion                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13931\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. The Background and Leading Forces of the Hong Gyeong-rae Rebellion in 1812                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13934\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The Course of the Hong Gyeong-rae Rebellion and the Government\u2019s Countermeasures                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13935\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Issues and Perspectives on the Hong Gyeong-rae Rebellion and the Peasant War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Significance and Course of the 1862 Peasant Uprisings                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13936\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Joseon Society in the Mid-19th Century and the Peasant Uprisings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13937\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. The Course of the 1862 Peasant Uprisings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13938\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Analysis and Characteristics of the 1862 Peasant Uprisings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13939\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Achievements and Significance of the 1862 Peasant Uprisings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Changes in Joseon Society and the People\u2019s Movements in the Late 19th Century                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13940\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Changes in Joseon Society the Concept of the People in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13941\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Changes in Joseon Society and People\u2019s Lives in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13942\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Responses of the Enlightenment School and Confucian Intellectuals in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13943\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Review of Materials on the History of the People\u2019s Movements in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. New Aspects of the People\u2019s Movements in the Late 19th Century                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13944\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Changes in the People\u2019s Movements in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13945\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Connection between Donghak and the Civil Unrest in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13946\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Changes in the Nature of the People\u2019s Movements and the Boeun Assembly in the Late 19th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13947\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Interpretation of New Sources (Bowl Circular Letter and the Outbreak of the Peasant War)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Outbreak and Development of the 1894 Peasant War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13948\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. The Outbreak of the Peasant War in 1894                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13949\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Participation of the Peasant Army in 1894 and the Proposal for Social Reform                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13950\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. The Local Directorate System and Implementation of Reforms during the Peasant War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13952\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The Relationship between the First Sino-Japanese War and the Peasant War in 1894                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Characteristics of the Peasant War and the Direction of the People\u2019s Movements in the Late 19th Century                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13954\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. The Second Uprising of the Donghak Peasant War in 1894                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13956\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. The Activities of the Donghak Peasant Army and the Final Battle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13957\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. The Trial Struggles and Ideological Orientation of the Peasant Army Leaders                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/minran\/13958\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. A General Review of the Political and Social History of Premodern Popular Uprisings                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Production and Consumption in Modern and Contemporary Korean History                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Conditions of Production and Consumption before and after Liberation                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13884\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Production Conditions Created by Forced Mobilization at the End of the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13885\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Colonial Koreans in the Production Sites during the Late Stages of the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13886\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Post-Liberation Conditions of Production and Consumption                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13887\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Female Workers&#039; Working Conditions and Labor Disputes under the U.S. Military Government Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Production and Consumption during the Period of Division, War and Post-war Recovery                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13888\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Conditions of Production Shaped by Division and War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13889\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Enactment of the Labor Standards Act and Labor Unions in the 1950s                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13890\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Formation of Labor Unions and New Attempts during the April Revolution                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Industrial Sites and Workers during the Period of Economic Development                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13891\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Low Wages and Long Working Hours                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13893\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Follow the Labor Standards Act!                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13894\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. Skills Competitions and Adolescent Skilled Workers                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Fiery Workplaces: workplace and workers in the 1980s                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13895\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Gwangju Democratization Movement and Labor Struggles                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13896\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Voices for Equal Employment                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13897\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. 1987: The Great Workers\u2019 Struggle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Production Site 1 - Freedom on Two Feet, Oil                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13898\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Total Mobilization and Oil During the Japanese Occupation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13899\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Division and Energy Resource Shortage                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13901\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Establishment of Ulsan Refinery and Workers&#039; Lives                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13902\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. How Oil Changed Daily Lives - From Cars to Oil Stove                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Production Site 2 - Coal, Heating the Common People\u2019s Rooms                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13903\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The Oil Crisis and the Briquette Crisis                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13904\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Coal Production Expansion Policy and the Growth of the Coal Industry                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13905\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Coal Miners\u2019 Fierce Eruption: The Sabuk Uprising and the Chun Doo-hwan Regime                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13906\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. The 1988 Olympics and the Eradication of Briquettes                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Production Site 3 \u2013 Fabrics, from Loom to Factory                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13907\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. An Era of Clothing Shortages: The Meaning of Uniforms                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13908\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Textile Industry in the 1950s and Home-Based Fabric Production                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13910\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Growth of the Textile Industry and the Rise of Fashion Trends                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13912\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. Rise of Fabric Industries and the Formation of Urban Manufacturing Spaces                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Production Site 4 - Cows and Milk, from Supplemental Nutrition to Entrepreneurial Farmers                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13913\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Milk Production and Consumption under the Japanese Rule: The Gyeongseong Milk Industry Cooperative                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13914\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Distribution of Milk and Powdered Milk for Nutritional Support after the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13917\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Livestock and Dairy Promotion Policies under the Park Chung Hee Regime                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/prosumer\/13918\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Formation of South Korea\u2019s Meat Distribution System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        State-Building of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Introduction: Methodology of Ancient Korean History                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13849\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Ancient Korean Society and Ancient States                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13851\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Exploration of Historical Sources Related to Ancient Korean History (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13852\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Exploration of Historical Sources Related to Ancient Korean History (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Ancient societies, Gojoseon, and Buyeo                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13853\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. The Bronze Age Culture and Social Stratification                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13854\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The Growth, Transformation, and Fall of Gojoseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13855\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Changes in the Surrounding Regions after the Fall of Gojoseon                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. State-Building of Goguryeo                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13856\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Founding Myth of Goguryeo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13857\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Confederation of Small States and State Formation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13858\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. External Activities in the Early Period                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13859\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Relocation of the Capital and Urban Landscape                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. State-Building of Baekje                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13860\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. Foundation Myth of Baekje                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13862\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. The Mahan Society and Baekje                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13863\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. Baekje&#039;s Relations with China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13864\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. The Capital of Hanseong Baekje                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. State-Building of Silla                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13865\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Foundation Myths of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13866\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. The Jinhan Society and Saroguk                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13867\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Formation and Expansion of Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13868\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Spatial Structure and Landscape of the Royal Capital                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Institutionalization of the State System in Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13869\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Social Stratification and the Social Status System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13870\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Organization of the Office Rank System and Political System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13871\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Changes in the Relationship Between the Central and Local Regions                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13872\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Changes in the Tax Collection System and the Establishment of the Military System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Religion and Thought in Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13873\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Buddhism in Goguryeo and Baekje                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13874\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. Acceptance and Development of Buddhism in Silla                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13876\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Acceptance and Development of Confucianism and Taoism                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13877\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. National and Royal Rites                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Competition and Cooperation among Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13878\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. East Asian International Relations and the Korean Peninsula in the Early 5th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13879\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Power Struggles of the Three Kingdoms in the Late 5th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13880\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Changes in the International Situation in East Asia in the 6th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/making_states\/13882\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Conclusion of the East Asian Wars in the 7th Century                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Korean War                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Trends in Korean War Research                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13814\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Research Trends in Countries Involved in the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13815\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Current Status of Korean War-Related Materials                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13816\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Debates over Responsibility of the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13817\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. Issue of Korean War-related Terminology                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. The Division of the Korean Peninsula after Liberation and the Confrontation between North and South Korea                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13818\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Domestic and International Situation Before and After Liberation                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13819\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. The U.S. and the Soviet Military Governments and the Transfer of the Korean Problem to the UN                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13820\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Political Divisions Within South Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13821\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Establishment of the North Korean Government and the Strategies of the Soviet Union and China                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. North Korea&#039;s War Preparations and South Korea&#039;s Response                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13822\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Creation and Strengthening of the North Korean Military                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13823\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. North Korea\u2019s Regional Provocations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13824\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The War Agreement Process among North Korea, China, and the Soviet Union                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13825\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. South Korea\u2019s Response                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. North Korean Invasion of South Korea and the Participation of the UN forces in the War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13826\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. North Korean Invasion of South Korea and the Fall of Seoul                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13827\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. Participation of the U.S. and the UN Forces in the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13829\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. The UN Forces\u2019 Defense and Counteroffensive                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13830\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. The UN Forces\u2019 Policy of Occupying North Korea                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. Chinese Military\u2019s Participation in the War and the New Phase of the War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13831\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. Chinese Military&#039;s Participation in the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13832\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Chinese Military&#039;s Crossing of the Yalu River and the Situation of the UN Forces                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13833\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Chinese Military&#039;s Offensive and the UN Forces\u2019 Withdrawal                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13834\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Chinese Offensive on the 38th Parallel and the January 4 Retreat                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. The Turning Point of the War and the Policy of Maintaining the Status Quo                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13836\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. The UN Forces&#039; Decision to maintain the Status Quo                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13837\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Plan to Relocate the South Korean Government and MacArthur\u2019s Dismissal                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13838\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Expansion of Chinese Army\u2019s War Aims                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13839\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. Truce Negotiation Plans and Policies of the Two Sides                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Process of the Armistice Negotiations and the Positions of Both Sides                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13840\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. The Beginning of the Armistice Negotiations and Another War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13841\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. The Slow Progress of the Prisoner-of-war Exchange Issue                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13842\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. South Korean Government\u2019s Opposition to Armistice Talks and the U.S.-South Korean negotiations                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13843\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The Expansion Strategy of the United States and the Final Offensive of the Chinese Army                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. Signing of the Armistice Agreement and the Consequences of the Korean War                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13844\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. Death of Stalin and Changes in Policy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13845\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Signing of the Armistice Agreement                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13846\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Consequences of the Korean War and Postwar Recovery                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/korean_war\/13847\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. Significance and Nature of the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                            <li>\n                    <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                        Experiment of Nationalist Socialism and North Korea                    <\/a>\n                                            <ul class=\"courses_section\">\n                                                    <li>\n                                1. Liberation and Social Change                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13774\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-1. Soviet Occupation and Rule                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13775\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-2. Establishment and Activities of the People&#039;s Committees                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13777\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-3. Formation of Political Parties and of Political Power                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13778\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                1-4. &quot;Democratic Reforms&quot;                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                2. Democratic National Culture and the Separate Governments of a Divided Nation                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13779\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-1. Exploration for the Creation of a New Culture                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13780\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-2. Attempts to Remake People&#039;s Minds                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13781\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-3. Establishment of Separate Governments                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13782\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                2-4. Changes After the Establishment of a Separate Government                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                3. Korean War and Its Influence                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13783\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-1. Origins and Unfolding of the Korean War (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13785\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-2. Origins and Unfolding of the Korean War (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13787\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-3. The Strengthening of Kim Il-sung\u2019s Power during the Korean War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13788\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-4. Armistice Talks                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13789\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-5. Wartime Production and Post-war Recovery (1)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13790\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                3-6. Wartime Production and Post-war Recovery (2)                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                4. Power Struggles in the 1950s and the Search for Juche                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13791\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-1. The Proposal of the Transition to Socialism and Ensuing Conflict                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13792\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-2. The Presentation of Juche in ideology                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13793\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-3. The 1956 August Plenum Incident                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13794\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                4-4. Anti-Factional Struggle                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                5. The Path to Socialism: Industrialization and Agricultural Collectivization                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13795\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-1. The Issue of Securing New Workers and the Task of Increasing Productivity after the War                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13796\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-2. Implementation of the First 5-Year Plan and the Collective Innovation Movement, or the Cheollima Campaign                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13797\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-3. Efforts to Build a \u201cSelf-Reliant Economy\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13798\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                5-4. Agricultural Collectivization and Cooperation of Individual Commercial and Industrial Activities                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                6. Cheollima Work Group Campaign and the Future of Communism                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13799\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-1. Declaration of the Completion of the Socialist Transition and the Proposal of the Cheollima Work Group Campaign                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13800\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-2. Cheollima Work Group Leader Gil Hwak-sil and \u201cHuman Reform\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13801\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-3. Obsession with Speed and the Acclamation of Self-Sacrifice                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13802\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                6-4. The Cheongsan-ri Method and the Daean Work System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                7. Conflict between the North Korea, China, and the Soviet Union, and North Korea\u2019s Independent Diplomacy                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13804\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-1. Formation and Cracks in the North Korea\u2013China\u2013Soviet Relationship                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13805\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-2. North Korea\u2013Soviet Alliance and North Korea\u2013China Alliance                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13806\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-3. Diversification of Diplomatic lines                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13807\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                7-4. The \u201cIndependent Line\u201d in Diplomacy                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                    <li>\n                                8. The Country of Juche Ideology                                \n                                                                    <ul class=\"courses_lessons\">\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13809\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-1. The First Seven-Year Plan and the Parallel Development of Economy and Defense                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13810\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-2. Search for Self-Reliant Socialism: Creating Scientific Technology from a Juche-mind                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13811\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-3. Emergence of the \u201cJuche Ideology\u201d                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                            <li>\n                                            <a href=\"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/courses\/nprk\/13812\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n                                                8-4. The 1967 Gapsan Faction Purge and the Completion of the Supreme Leader System                                            <\/a>\n                                        <\/li>\n                                                                        <\/ul>\n                                                            <\/li>\n                                                <\/ul>\n                                    <\/li>\n                    <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n            \n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-10717","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10717","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10717"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10717\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14167,"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10717\/revisions\/14167"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/igks.kr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10717"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}